When is the best time to plant grapes
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When is the best time to plant grapes
Grapes are a common fruit. Among many fruit trees, grapes are the first to enter the fruiting period. Generally, they start to bloom and bear fruit in the second year after planting. Moreover, grapes have a relatively long lifespan, with common varieties usually bearing fruit for 20-30 years. However, the most important aspect of planting grapes is the planting itself. When planting grapes, it is essential to choose seedlings with well-developed roots, full buds, uniform shape, and free from diseases and pests. So, when should grapes be planted? What are the technical points?
Grape Planting Time
The planting time of grape seedlings can be divided into autumn sowing and spring sowing, but the specific time depends on the region, type of seedlings, and labor conditions. In the South China region, one-year-old seedlings or cuttings can be directly planted, but since the winter is short with low temperatures, the best time is from November, from the period of defoliation to the next year's germination period. In the north, due to early winter, long duration, and cold climate, planting can only be done in spring.
Planting in autumn is widely promoted in the south, as it can prevent the误planting of seedlings, and damaged roots can heal in the same year, allowing seedlings to germinate quickly and grow early in the second year. It also prevents the adverse effects of soil waterlogging and suffocation of new young roots during the plum rain period. In the central region, spring sowing is promoted, that is, from soil thawing to seedling germination. However, in the cold regions of North China, the sowing time may be correspondingly postponed. When spring planting, attention should be paid to completing the sowing before the grape seedlings germinate. At the same time, technical measures such as using plastic film mulching, frequent irrigation, and moisture retention should be taken to prevent the adverse effects of spring drought and strong wind on seedling germination and growth.
Key Points of Grape Planting Techniques
1. Pay attention to the selection of gardens
Grapes are adaptable and can be planted in soils with a pH between 4-9, but it's best between 6-7. Sandy loam and sandy gravel soils are preferable. Do not choose heavily acidic or alkaline plots, nor choose plots that are prone to waterlogging but not easy to drain. If waterlogging occurs after heavy rain and cannot be drained within two days, such plots cannot be chosen for garden establishment. If there is only clayey soil in the area, it can be improved by using methods such as adding more soil and fertilizer, sand, etc. If the area only has alkaline soil, drainage ditches can be dug in the plot, and the excavated soil can be used to raise the ground level. Then, by浇 watering with light water and rainwater rinsing, the alkalinity of the soil can be reduced year by year.
2. Attach importance to seedling quality
When introducing seedlings, regardless of the variety, attention should be paid to the quality of the seedlings. The key is that the roots should be fresh, firm, and fresh. Mouldy, deteriorated, and rotten seedlings cannot be used. To check if the branches are fresh, use a fingernail to scratch the bark, and if the bark is fresh green, it is fresh.
3. Pay attention to the planting method
Grape seedlings should not be planted at the bottom of the trench or the top of the ridge, as it is prone to waterlogging and drought. The width and depth of the planting should be within 60 cm of the ditch. After fertilizing, the soil should be backfilled to the level of the ground. The excess soil should be made into ridges on both sides of the ditch to prevent waterlogging. Before planting, soak the seedlings in water for a day to absorb sufficient moisture. When planting, layer the seedlings securely. Do not fill the soil in one go. It can be done step by step. The branches above the ground are pierced through the plastic film, and all parts above the plastic film are covered with loose wet soil.
4. Attach importance to water and fertilizer management
When planting, the soil and fertilizer should be mixed and placed at a depth of 40-50 cm underground. Fresh chicken manure should not be used as a base fertilizer. Other fertilizers will not harm the roots but are best used after maturity. Do not use too much fertilizer. When applying topdressing, whether chemical fertilizers or human waste fertilizers, keep them at least 20 cm away from the roots.
5. Pay attention to the prevention and control of diseases and pests
When planting, some pesticides can be applied to the roots of the seedlings. After the new shoots grow, timely pest and disease control should be carried out.
The above are the timing and technical points of grape planting. Farmers must master the above planting time and technical points to improve the survival rate of grape seedlings and ensure their prosperity.
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