Production and maintenance of grape bonsai
Grape bonsai integrates ornamental value and edible value, and condenses grape vines into every inch of space through artistic modeling. This article systematically analyzes the key points of the entire process from pile blank cultivation to daily maintenance, helping you create a miniature grape landscape with both artistic beauty and high-yield characteristics. The core technology of grape pile cultivation seedling directional shaping method Select strong seedlings with 3-4 leaves, and stimulate the germination of lateral buds through continuous picking. Retain 2-3 main vines and transplant them to nutritious soil. Use them with a 30-cm-diameter ventilated pot to make the first curling shape when the new vines grow to 80cm. Critical operations need to be completed before spring germination to ensure nutrient concentration (G-Y). The old pile activation and regeneration method selects old grape piles more than 5 years old and retains high-quality plants with a trunk diameter of 2- 3 cm. During excavation, retain 30cm of main roots and dip them in rooting powder. Use a high-pressure water gun to remove decaying roots before placing in the pot. The shape follows the principle of "three cuts and three retention": cut cross branches and leave parallel branches, cut upright branches and leave curved vines, and cut thin and weak branches to leave strong buds. Key steps for grape bonsai formation. The best time for transplanting during dormant period is from December to February of the following year, and the temperature is maintained at 5-10℃. A stepped soil replacement method was adopted: retaining 1/3 of the raw soil +1/3 of the humus soil +1/3 of vermiculite mixed substrate. When positioning the shape, the viewing surface forms a 45° angle with the bending direction of the main vine to enhance the three-dimensional vision effect. The plastic art and maintenance system short branch dense leaf technique adopts "three picking and two controls" management: 3 leaves of new branches are picked and 2 leaves of secondary branches are removed. Combined with 0.1% potassium dihydrogen phosphate foliar fertilizer, the node spacing is shortened to 1- 2 cm. Retraction and pruning are carried out every spring before germination to keep the crown diameter no more than twice the basin mouth. The metal wire shaping secret uses plastic-coated aluminum wire for multi-dimensional shaping, and the winding angle of the main body maintains a 60° spiral rise. The side branches adopt a composite shape of "S-shaped" and "hanging curtain", and the binding angle is adjusted every 15 days. Pay special attention to adding a rubber protective layer at 1/3 of the branch diameter to prevent ligature marks from affecting nutrient transportation. The four-season maintenance and management system has established a "three waters and two fertilizers" system: maintain soil moisture at 40% in spring and autumn, spray in the morning and evening in summer to cool down, and control water to 15% in winter. 5-6 Apply soybean cake fertilizer every month, and add plant ash in September to enhance cold resistance. The "three-step pot turning method" is implemented every year after falling leaves: no more than 1/3 of the roots are trimmed, 50% of the substrate is replaced, and bone meal is added as basal fertilizer. Pest and insect pest control adopts garlic extract + diatomite biological control plan.
Through systematic modeling technology and scientific maintenance, grape bonsai can achieve the ornamental effect of 2-3 strings of fruits hanging every year. Only by regularly observing plant responses and flexibly adjusting management measures can this "mobile vineyard" continue to glow with artistic vitality.