How to raise wild eel
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1. Aquatic plant cultivation: Reasonable placement of aquatic plants can purify the water quality, reducing the frequency of water exchange in the eel pond to 1-2 times per month, and can also serve to prevent heat stress, reduce stress reactions, provide fish nests, and prevent and control diseases and pests. Common aquatic plants include water spinach, water caltrop, water lily, and duckweed. Aquatic plants should be proportionally mixed according to the season, with water caltrop and water lily in summer and water spinach and duckweed in spring and autumn. No aquatic plants should be left in winter to prevent eels from freezing under them. Generally, aquatic plants are placed 15 days before the eels are stocked, and they should be soaked in a 0.01% potassium permanganate solution for half an hour for disinfection before placement. The planting area of aquatic plants should not exceed 2/3 of the total pond area, leaving at least 1/3 of the pond area for feeding platforms and eel activity. In daily management, excess aquatic plants should be removed or overly long plants should be cut, and combined with pond disinfection, 0.1×10^-6 hydrated lime should be sprinkled on the plants to prevent bacterial infections.
2. Fish nest setup: Various tubes, bamboo tubes, bricks, tiles, waste tires, aquatic plants,丝瓜络 (towel gourd network), palm fibers, and polyethylene mesh can be used as fish nests. In production, old bicycle tires disinfected with potassium permanganate solution are commonly used as eel nests, placed under aquatic plants, with 5-6 tires per small pond. Bamboo tubes can also be used, with two tubes in a row and 3-5 rows in each pond, spaced about 0.3 meters apart. Bricks should be placed under each row of bamboo tubes to create a larger space beneath the nest for easy water flow and waste removal. To secure the bamboo nests, it's best to place bricks above the openings, which also provides a shaded, hidden area.
3. Heat avoidance and shading: Eel ponds for static, soilless culture are small (15-20 square meters) with shallow water levels (15-20 centimeters), and in summer, water temperatures can easily exceed 30℃, making shading and heat avoidance measures essential. Generally, a shading net is set up over the pond, and climbing plants such as grapes, towel gourds, and pumpkins are planted around the pond. However, ensure that 10%-30% of the water surface is exposed to light. When temperatures exceed 30℃, deepen the water level in the pond, reduce the density of eels, and slowly add new water (using groundwater to adjust the pond temperature).
4. Cross disinfection: The water body should be sprayed with hydrated lime at a concentration of 0.1×10^-6 or 1×10^-6 bleaching powder every 10-15 days, alternating between the two. In the north, where the water is more alkaline, bleaching powder should be used more frequently; in the south, where the water is more acidic, hydrated lime can be used more often.
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