Common Succulent Plant Care Guide
Comprehensive introduction to succulent plants, common succulent plant care guide, which is sure to help you. Let's understand together!
Succulent plants are increasingly popular, but the succulent family is really complex. Whether it's buying or caring, beginners are at a loss. Although small dwarfs do not need much water, they are actually very demanding and specific in terms of water and sunlight requirements. The dormancy period of different species is also different. To really understand their habits is a big study.
Although the students are obviously succulent plant enthusiasts and have carefully organized the growth habits and care points of common species for everyone's reference, this is a very precious collection of succulent plants. It is very exciting to watch, and there is also a succulent plant knowledge forum. If there are any mistakes, everyone is welcome to exchange and correct them.
String of Pearls:
String of pearls like a warm and humid environment, not direct sunlight, watering once every 2 or 3 days, you can also use diluted milk or rice washing water. String of pearls like semi-shaded environment, if the placement of the place light is too strong or not enough, the leaves will easily become light green or yellow green, lack of vitality, lose the ornamental value, and even wither and die; if direct sunlight, air dry, the most likely to cause the withering of string of pearls, so it should be placed in a cool and ventilated place, and pay attention to maintain the humidity of the environment.
Because of the fleshy leaves and succulence, it is drought-resistant. In cultivation, watering should be dry rather than wet, which is one of the keys to success. When the weather is dry, you can spray water on the leaves and vines more to make up for the lack of water and keep the beads fresh and full. Prefer semi-shaded, sun exposure may burn the beads, too weak light will not grow well.
The root system of the plant is very shallow, can be shallow pot planting. Generally use tiles to pad the bottom hole, and then pave a layer of coal cinder or coarse sand to increase air permeability and water filtration, the best use of leaf soil, mixed with a certain amount of sand, soil and sand ratio of about 1:3.
Like warm and humid, more cold-resistant, high temperature resistance, the most suitable temperature for about 20℃~28℃. High temperature and low temperature growth is slow, especially in the high temperature environment of more than 30℃ almost dormant, should be less watering and fertilizing, otherwise easy to rotten roots--this is also one of the keys to successful cultivation.
During the vigorous growth of spring and autumn, "thin fertilizer and frequent application" should be applied, and 1-3‰ nitrogen fertilizer and potassium dihydrogen phosphate should be sprayed on the leaf surface frequently, which is beneficial to make the beads more green and fat, and improve the ornamental value.
There are few pests and diseases, aphids in spring is one of them, timely wipe off or spray 1500 times oxylethyl fruiticide to kill; mites in summer and autumn is the second, need to use 1000 times trichloroisothiazole to kill. Pay attention to ventilation and increase the humidity of the leaf surface to reduce the infection of mites.
观音莲：Sempervivum tectoru
Alias: Evergreen grass, Guanyin lotus, Guanyin lotus, Buddha lotus
Family: Crassulaceae Evergreen grass
Evergreen grass is a perennial fleshy plant of Crassulaceae Evergreen grass. The plant has a lotus-shaped leaf disc, there are many varieties, the diameter of the leaf disc from 3 cm to 15 cm, fleshy leaves are spoon-shaped, the top is sharp, the color of the leaves depends on the variety, there are gray green, dark green, yellow green, red brown and so on, the tip of the leaves has green, red or purple, the market is more popular at present is the variety with purple tip, leaf margin with dense serration. Well-developed plants will produce a circle of small lotus seats under the big lotus seat, in addition, at the end of each spring, similar to the red stems of string of pearls will be pulled out from the lower part of the leaf cluster. The small flowers of Evergreen grass are star-shaped and pink.
Evergreen grass is native to the mountainous areas of European countries such as Spain, France, Italy, like the sunshine is full and cool and dry environment, is a high mountain succulent plant, high temperature in summer and cold in winter, the plant is in a dormant state, the main growth period in the cooler spring and autumn, the growth period requires sufficient sunlight, if the light is insufficient will lead to loose plant shape, not compact, affect the ornamental, and in the place with sufficient light growth of plants, leaves thick and full, plant shape compact, leaf color beautiful. Watering to grasp "not dry not water, water to pour through", avoid long-term waterlogging, in order to avoid root rot, but also can not be too dry, otherwise the plant will not die, but grow slowly, leaf color dark, lack of vitality. Every 20 days or so, apply a thin liquid fertilizer or low nitrogen and high phosphorus potassium compound fertilizer. In winter, when the night temperature is not lower than 5℃, and the day temperature is above 15℃, the plant can continue to grow, normal watering, and proper fertilization; if the watering is controlled, the plant can enter dormancy, and can also tolerate the low temperature of 0℃.
锦晃星：Echeveria pulvinata
Alias: Golden star, velvet palm, cat's ear
Family: Crassulaceae, stone lotus
Suitable for cool, dry and sunny environment, drought-resistant and semi-shaded, taboo waterlogging and sultry. During the growing season, it is not advisable to water too much, and the pot soil should not be too wet, which will cause the stems and leaves to grow, the distance between the leaves to be pulled long, the plant to be not compact, and the ornamental value to be reduced. Apply a thin fertilizer of "low nitrogen and high phosphorus and potassium" once every 15-20 days. Pay attention to the fertilizer water not to splash on the leaves when fertilizing, so as to avoid ugly spots that are difficult to remove. In winter, place it in a sunny place indoors and maintain a temperature of 6-8℃. Control watering to prevent root rot caused by low temperature and humidity. In the hot summer, it is also not advisable to water too much, otherwise the roots will rot and cause leaf shrinkage and shedding, and strengthen ventilation to prevent rainstorm washing. It can grow normally in semi-shaded places, but the red edges and tips of the leaves will fade or even disappear. Every spring, change the pot once, and the soil should be loose and well drained. Commonly used leaf soil, garden soil, coarse sand each 1 share, mix evenly after use, and add a small amount of bone meal as base fertilizer. After 3-4 years of cultivation, Jinhuangxing is easy to age, and new seedlings should be cultivated to update the old plants.
Jinhuangxing can be propagated during the growing period, branch cutting and leaf cutting can survive. Generally, the top branches with leaves are cut, about 10 cm long, inserted into the sandy soil, and roots can be formed in 10-15 days. Leaf cutting is to cut off the leaves, wait for the incision to dry, and then insert or lie flat on the sand bed, keep slightly damp, about 20 days to take root. Leaf cutting is more difficult, often cut off the lateral seedlings for cutting.
玉珠帘：Sedum
Alias: String of beads grass, jade string donkey tail, Crassulaceae Sedum
Sunlight: Jade bead curtain and other succulent plants need full sunlight to slightly shaded sunlight, such as sunny window side is very suitable temperature.
Temperature: The growth temperature range of Jade bead curtain is quite wide, the suitable temperature for growth is 20-30℃. In winter, it can enter dormancy at 5℃, at this time, it must stop watering, otherwise Jade bead curtain can not overwinter.
Water: Because of the fleshy leaves can store water, drought-resistant, so during the growing period, Jade bead curtain only need to maintain the moisture of the pot soil, in winter, the growth is slow, the number of watering should be reduced.
Dragon fruit
It is a cactus plant of the genus Triangular column, mainly propagated by cutting or grafting, but seeds can also be easily planted into seedlings. Recently, it is more popular to plant dragon fruit into a small forest with seeds, which is both beautiful and has the effect of absorbing harmful gases and preventing radiation. Dragon fruit likes warm and humid, shade and barren tolerance, the most suitable temperature for growth is 25~35℃, low temperature above 5℃ can be planted in the open air. The soil requirements are not strict, flat land, paddy field, hillside or dry land can be cultivated, in fertile, well-drained neutral or slightly acidic sandy red soil or loam growth, vitality is extremely strong.
Planting method:
1. Choose a suitable pot to put the culture soil, about nine full, and spray some water to make the surface soil very moist, and then spread the seeds evenly on the culture soil.
2. After spraying water several times on the seeds, wrap them with cling film to keep the surface moist, and then open them once a day to spray water until new shoots appear.
3. After 3~5 days, you can see new shoots growing, the color of the two leaves is light yellow green.
4. After a week, you can see the whole pot surface is full, about 1 cm high, the seed coat will fall off one by one, the whole pot feels like green grass, full of vitality, green.
5. After two weeks, it grows a little higher, about 2 cm high, the leaves are more compact and thick, the color of the two leaves turns to yellow green, which is very suitable for the office or living room, with a refreshing and comfortable feeling.
6. After four months, the second layer of cactus-like thorns will begin to grow, become fat and fat cactus, very cute.
Take the seeds with meat out and soak in water, first N times with hand kneading, washing off the meat that can be washed off with water. Then find a towel, pour it on the towel, cover it with the corner of the towel, rub it gently, so that the meat and seeds are separated. Use a small metal spoon to scrape the seeds (not sticking to the spoon) and pour them into the water to float and wash, control the water, wash the towel, repeat the above method 2-3 times, the seeds are no longer meat. With a spoon to scrape on the back of the hand, use body temperature to dry the seeds. This is fast and clean~~
虹之玉
Alias: Ear pendant grass, corn kernel, Crassulaceae Sedum
Warm and cold-resistant, like light, strong drought resistance. Strong adaptability, not strict requirements for soil.
Warm and clear temperature difference between day and night environment. Strong adaptability to temperature, can grow well between 10℃ and 28℃. In autumn and winter, the temperature drops and the light intensity increases, the fleshy leaves gradually turn red, so artificial cooling in the cultivation process can improve the ornamental value. The indoor temperature in winter should not be lower than 5℃. Ear pendant grass likes light, the whole growth period should be fully exposed to light. But summer sun exposure can cause leaf scorch, can be properly shaded or half-day exposure, avoid direct sunlight at noon. Ear pendant grass grows slowly, drought-resistant, therefore, not suitable for large fertilizer and water, should be dry to water and pour through, and when the room temperature in winter is low, the amount and frequency of watering should be reduced. Generally, apply organic liquid fertilizer once a month. Pay attention to maintain good ventilation in summer. Ear pendant grass grows slowly, generally after 3 years of cultivation, the plant shape begins to be scattered, so pruning should be carried out in advance.
Usually use cutting method, stem cutting and leaf cutting can be used. Stem cutting can use pruning branches, cut into 5 cm long stem segments, it is best to dry in the shade for 3-5 days, wait for the incision to dry, and then insert into the seedbed. Leaf cutting propagation is to take off the whole leaf from the stem (pay attention not to damage the leaves), place for 3 days, and then cut. This method has a large multiplication factor, suitable for mass propagation, but the molding is slow.
Living stone flower
Alias: stone flower, Quyu, elephant hoof, Yuanbao, Aizoaceae, living stone flower
Living stone flower origin environment
Living stone flower is native to the southern part of Africa, the average altitude of the area is 1000 meters, known as the South African plateau, belongs to the tropical savanna climate and tropical desert climate, has a distinct dry and wet season, summer is the dry season, rainfall is scarce, the hottest month is January, the average temperature is 24 ℃. In this plateau, there are rich and colorful plants of all kinds, in the lush grass, there are more than 3000 kinds of different shapes of succulent plants, when the rainy season comes, all kinds of plants lush, the earth is green, all kinds of living stone flowers also compete to grow, in almost no rain in the dry season, living stone flowers also hide in the gravel, in a dormant state, to resist the harsh environment.
Two, living stone flower summer cultivation
Our country is vast, there are tropical, subtropical and temperate climate types, but in summer, it is basically a humid climate, the temperature is high, the extreme temperature in summer often more than 35 ℃, is the dormancy season of living stone flowers.
[ Growth ] Under cultivation conditions, living stone flowers often begin to grow when the indoor temperature in winter is above 10 degrees, 1-2 months is the vigorous period of molting, the general in April after the beginning of the molting growth.
[ June ] In June, most parts of our country enter summer, living stone flowers also begin to enter dormancy, this time is also the plum rain season in the Yangtze and Huaihe River Basin, high air humidity, temperature rises sharply, very adverse to the growth of living stone flowers. At this time, we should pay attention to control the watering, especially not to water in rainy days, when we can not observe whether living stone flowers enter the dormant state, we should not water too much, dry rather than wet, try to keep the soil dry, so that they gradually adapt to high temperature weather.
[ July-August ] In July, the temperature gradually stabilized at high temperature, at this time, living stone flowers completely enter the dormant state, although some living stone flowers do not have a distinct dormant period, but in the summer often also grow not good, so it is better to let them dormant. The high temperature environment for living stone flowers is tolerable, intolerant is the high temperature and high humidity of the soil, this often makes living stone flowers for dissipating heat main root and root neck difficult to breathe, solve this time the main measures are:
1) Lay a layer of gravel on the soil surface, the thickness from the top of the main root to the bottom of the plant, and put some larger stones on the gravel, this is the main way of heat dissipation for living stone flowers in their native place, some growers in the summer, all the surface soil replaced with large particle stones, only the fibrous roots in the soil, it is said that the effect is very good, just too troublesome.
2) Using the pot-in-pot method of planting, in a larger flowerpot outside the planting pot, put pure sand or sandy soil, bury the planting pot 1/3, water in the pot-in-pot, so that the bottom of the planting pot is moist, which is beneficial to reduce the soil temperature and supplement a small amount of water.
3) Try to put in a ventilated environment, increase air flow, if placed in an air-conditioned room, should be placed in a place where sunlight can be seen, need 3-4 hours a day, prevent the plant from recovering growth too early, and cause the phenomenon of stretching, it is best to cool down at night, the temperature should be uniform, do not place in the cold air outlet.
4) Using shading net, reduce direct sunlight, according to some growers said, excessive shading is not conducive to the growth of living stone flowers, just to avoid the direct sunlight at noon, appropriate to accept sunlight, when the plant recovers growth, often can grow more robust.
5) Try not to water, at this time the plant is in a dormant state, the root activity slows down, does not absorb excess water, can use water basin to make the bottom of the pot moist, so as to prevent the plant from rotting.
In short, through cooling and improving the cultivation environment to help plants resist adverse environment, according to local conditions to take comprehensive measures. It should be specially noted that when the plant is molting in summer, try to expose the new plant leaves, especially the meat cone flower plant, the old skin often wraps the new plant, it is best to remove the old skin, do not necessarily remove the old skin completely, this is some varieties of protecting the natural phenomenon of young plants, in the cultivation conditions, but easy to make the new plant rot.
In early August, entering the beginning of autumn, the night temperature drops, but the day temperature is still high, cultivation should also pay attention, in typhoon and thunderstorm, pay attention not to let the plant rain, also do not water in low temperature, so as not to cause unnecessary loss.
In September, the weather begins to cool down, in early September after the beginning of autumn, the night temperature is obviously cool, some plants appear signs of growth, at this time, watering should also be less, when the temperature is 25℃-30℃, can be appropriate to supplement water, to make up for the lack