How to Germinate Succulent Seeds
Succulent plants have become a new favorite in gardening due to their unique shapes, but the germination stage often causes headaches for growers. Mastering scientific germination techniques can not only increase the germination rate but also cultivate healthy and strong seedlings. This article systematically analyzes the key points of environmental control for the germination of succulent seeds from aspects such as light, temperature, and humidity.
Light Environment Management
Accurate Control of Diffused Light
The germination period of succulent seeds requires a soft light environment. It is recommended to use a shading net to filter 50%-60% of the light intensity. Place the seedling trays on the east-facing windowsill or under a rain shelter to avoid direct sunlight at noon that can burn the seedlings. LED plant growth lights can be set to an intermittent lighting mode of 8 hours a day and 2000-3000 lux.
Air Circulation Solutions
Construction of a Three-dimensional Ventilation System
Use a breathable seedling tray at the bottom combined with a top circulating fan to form a three-dimensional air exchange system, maintaining an air velocity of 0.3-0.5 m/s per hour. During the rainy season, a dehumidifier can be turned on to control the relative humidity at 65%-75%, and in winter, a timed ventilation method can be used, ventilating for 30 minutes at noon to avoid a sudden drop in temperature.
Temperature Control Strategies
Step-wise Temperature Control Plan
Set day and night temperature differences to stimulate germination: maintain 20-22℃ during the day and reduce to 16-18℃ at night. A smart temperature control mat can achieve precise adjustments of ±0.5°C. In cold areas, it can be used in combination with a thermal insulation cover. Special attention should be paid to the Crassulaceae species, which require a constant temperature of 25°C, while the Cactaceae are suitable for a 10°C temperature difference cycle.
Water Management Techniques
Gradient Watering Method
Use a misting irrigation system to keep the surface of the substrate continuously moist in the early stage, and switch to intermittent watering when the germination rate reaches 30%. It is recommended to use softened water with an EC value of 0.3-0.5 ms/cm, and combining it with gibberellin solution (50ppm) can speed up germination. For closed seedling raising, the film should be opened for ventilation twice a day, each for 15 minutes.
Through a four-dimensional environmental control system, the germination rate of succulent seeds can be increased to over 85%. It is recommended that growers be equipped with a temperature and humidity monitor to adjust the maintenance parameters in real-time. Different varieties can refer to the basic plan in this article for fine-tuning, for example, the Aizoaceae needs enhanced lighting, and the Haworthia should have reduced humidity. Keeping a growth log during the practice is more beneficial for accumulating experience.