Penjing Twenty-Four Techniques
This article brings you knowledge about the creation of penjing, the twenty-four penjing techniques, and the editor will provide you with detailed explanations.
Penjing Twenty-Four Techniques
Branches without an inch of straightness, one inch of three bends.
Where there is sparsity, horses can pass; where there is density, the wind cannot penetrate.
One branch shows waves and folds, two branches vary in length, three branches talk about gathering and dispersing, and multiple branches have exposure and concealment.
Straight and long positions are suitable for concealment rather than exposure; straight and curved positions are suitable for exposure rather than concealment.
Plum blossom penjing should break rather than bend, and should be slanted rather than straight.
Penjing is a silent poem, a three-dimensional painting, and a living sculpture.
The day the scene is complete, the work is ten years!
No fear of pruning the wrong branch, just fear of positioning incorrectly.
Store branches, cut the trunk. A zhang mountain, a chi tree, a cun horse, a fen person. There are no trees on the distant mountain, and the near ones are large and the far ones are small.
The creation of things is a masterful painting, the terrain is a few feet away and connects to the void.
Jiaolong emerges from the thirty thousand mu, clouds and rain crisscross the twelve peaks.
A quiet seat makes people free of vulgarity, and leisurely brings up a cool breeze.
Various mountains falling into water in the rustling night, drunk dreams in the rivers and lakes, a leaf in the middle.
Remove strong and retain weak; remove coarse and retain fine.
Be precise in reviewing and ruthless in cutting.
Rugao penjing, left and right glances with two and a half bends, the cloud head and rain feet are like the waist of a beauty.
Do not water unless dry, and when you water, it must be thorough.
See dry and wet; apply thin fertilizer frequently;
Penjing trees without roots are like wooden pavilions, looking at the tip, and penjing trees look at the feet.
In spring, the buds are in a different position,
In summer, prune strong and weak branches;
In autumn, fertilizer should be applied;
In winter, the branches should be pruned.
Song of the management of miscellaneous wood penjing.
Early prevention of pests and diseases is recommended.
Winter is the right time.
Clear fallen leaves in a timely manner.
Destroy overwintering eggs.
**"Stone sulfur agent;
In spring, the trees are unharmed.
Cutting branches with the five remove and five retain method;
Remove the distant and retain the near, remove the large and retain the small. Remove straight and retain curved, remove the middle and retain the edge, remove the high and retain the low.
Daily management song of miscellaneous wood penjing:
In spring, water in the morning,
Strengthen sunlight to prevent excessive growth.
Apply more "phosphorus potassium" organic fertilizer;
Strong branches, thick leaves, short internodes.
It is best to avoid the west sun in summer.
Prevent the leaves from drying and burning early.
Apply fertilizer in time as the temperature drops.
Penjing is particularly enchanting in the heat of summer.
In autumn, the west wind turns the leaves yellow,
Water and fertilizer reduction should be managed,
The mechanism inside the plant turns;
Frequent checks and adjustments can ensure the safety of the tree.
Winter cold prevention is the main issue.
Placement at a high position is the first priority.
Indoor overwintering with sunlight;
Full dormancy is good for penjing.
There are key points to fertilizing penjing flowers and plants;
“Four more” yellow and thin, more fertilizer before germination, more fertilizer during bud development, and more fertilizer after flowering.
“Four less” strong and less fertilizer, less fertilizer during germination, less fertilizer during flowering, and less fertilizer during the rainy season;
“Four not” no fertilizer for excessive growth, no fertilizer for newly planted ones, no fertilizer during the hot summer, and no fertilizer during dormancy.
Lingnan Penjing:
(T-Y) Change brocade, three changes in one exhibition, spring buds and autumn leaves, summer lush and winter storage
Longer on the bottom, shorter on the top, longer inside, shorter outside.
Among the thousands of flowers that are obliquely horizontal, only a few branches are pleasing to the eye.
The four conditions of penjing trees: exposed roots, thick trunks, dense branches, and fine leaves.
The four great families of penjing trees: boxwood, goldcrest, winter jasmine, and velvet pine.
The seven sages of penjing trees: Huangshan pine, willowleaf cypress, elm, maple, wintergreen, ginkgo, and winter jasmine.
The eighteen scholars of penjing trees: plum, peach, tiger thorn, celebration (winter coral), wolfberry, azalea, green cypress, papaya, wintersweet, nandina, camellia, podocarpus macrophyllus, crabapple, bamboo, wisteria, pomegranate, snow in June, and gardenia.
Lingnan penjing "store branches and cut the trunk" method
Su school penjing "six platforms, three supports, one top" shaping method
Yangzhou penjing "one inch, three bends, cloud slice" modeling method
Haipai penjing "cut and bind" method
Zhejiang's "high trunk" Zhe school
Anhui's "twisting" Hui school
Shandong's "screen" style
Sichuan's "earthworm curve" style
Fujian's "air root" style
Lingnan penjing branches and supports are raised like deer antlers, hanging down like chicken claws; redundant branches are cut to leave the clear and slender, each branch and leaf is full of emotion.
The trunk of the tree is like a snake, standing upright, with arms hanging left and right; the tree shape is vigorous and thick, the crown is lush and dense.
Yangzhou penjing must be ancient, the slices must be flat, and the techniques use "one inch of knots and one inch of bends, chicken claw wings", the main branches are like chicken wings, and the branches are like chicken claws.
Key points of production: one root, two nodes, three bends, four slices, five tops.
Su school penjing techniques: coarse binding and fine cutting, mainly cutting and auxiliary binding.
Haipai penjing techniques emphasize binding and cutting, fine binding and fine cutting.
Wild tree digging: deciduous trees after leaf fall and before germination, when the trees are in dormancy; evergreen trees can be done all year round, preferably in spring and rainy seasons, the key is that the fibrous roots are complete.
The application of traditional Chinese painting techniques in penjing skills
Meaning comes before the brush.
Thousands of mountains are in the painting, only one peak is green.
A piece of mountain has a purpose, an inch of stone has emotions.
-Peak is Taihua, thousands of feet high, -spoon is the rivers and lakes, tens of thousands of miles wide.
A room is elegant without being large, and the fragrance of flowers is not in abundance.
The golden section method.
When joined together, the whole body is connected; when separated, each object has its own posture.
Principle of unequal triangle composition.
The application of traditional Chinese painting techniques in penjing skills
Only draw fish without water, there are also waves in this.
-Torch of light, the whole body is bright.
Guests follow the host. Subtly highlight.
Real is false, false is real.
The form is interrupted but the meaning is continuous, the trace is interrupted but the momentum is continuous.
The divine dragon is seen at the head but not at the tail.
The mountain wants to be high, but if it is fully exposed, it will not be high. The smoke and mist lock its waist, then it is high.
Look at the trend from a distance, and look at the quality up close.
Close viewing reveals the quality, and distant viewing conceals the meaning.
The more the scene is concealed, the greater the realm.
Skilled and clumsy are used together, coarse and fine are applied.
The application of traditional Chinese painting techniques in penjing skills
The body of the mountain, the bone is stone, the clothes are trees, the hair is grass, the blood vessels are water, temples, forests, and bridges are decorations.
Stone is stubborn, and trees are alive and spiritual.
The tree should not be too dense, it should show the beauty of the mountain.
A zhang mountain, a chi tree, a cun horse, a bean person
Sixteen taboos of root, trunk, and branch pruning in penjing
Root taboo: root return, root slice, reverse root.
Trunk taboo: S trunk, reverse trunk, trunk dominance.
Branch taboo: branch slice, parallel branch, inner branch, trunk cut branch, intersecting branch, super long branch, wheel branch, opposite branch, frog leg branch, reverse branch.
Nearby should be delicate, and far away should be summarized;
Below should be clear, and above should be blurred;
Near trees should be large, and far trees should be small
A zhang mountain, a chi tree, a cun horse, a bean person.
There are no eyes for distant people, no branches for distant trees, no stones for distant mountains, they are faint like eyebrows.
The singing of birds makes the mountains more secluded, and the cicadas' singing makes the forests quieter.
Seeking tranquility in noise, complementing each other in motion and stillness, and balancing appropriately.
Distinct between host and guest, varied and interesting, and affectionate in looking at each other.
Seek simplicity in complexity.
Thousands of mountains cannot be all wonderful, and tens of thousands of rivers cannot be all beautiful
Real and false complement each other.
Real in false, false in real.
Dense in sparse, sparse in dense, and dense and sparse are appropriate.
What is exposed is real, what is concealed is false,
With concealment and exposure, real and false complement each other.
Plain and unique, rigid and flexible mutual aid.
Leak, penetrate, thin, and wrinkled.
One bend, two turns, three out, four back, five top.
It is better to be empty than full, over 5/10 is too bulky and crowded, less than 3/10 is too loose and monotonous. This proportion applies to the front view, side view, and top view of penjing.
The layout of penjing is most taboo four flat and stable.
Heaviness and lightness are not distinguished, and the guest is more prominent than the host
Three distant methods,
It is said by the ancients: "The mountain has three distances:
From the foot of the mountain to the top is called high distance,
From the front of the mountain to the back is called deep distance,
From the near mountain to the distant mountain is called flat distance.
High distance has a towering momentum, deep distance has overlapping meaning, and flat distance has a blending and ethereal charm."
Twelve major principles of penjing modeling.
Meaning comes before the brush.
Learn from nature.
Shape according to the situation.
Combine motion and stillness.
Use both complexity and simplicity.
Observe the small to see the large.
Yin and Yang, facing and back.
Distinct between main and secondary.
Proportional coordination.
Look at each other and echo.
Change and unity.
Form and spirit are complete.
Skilful use of naming, adding the finishing touch.
“Straight language has no taste, shallow meaning has no interest”.
Ten styles of penjing landscape
Antique: mostly tree stump penjing. The materials are pine, cypress, elm, etc., mainly pine, with the saying "no pine, no antique", shaping an ancient and vigorous image.
Elegant: mainly using orchids, "no orchid, no elegance" forming a quiet and simple atmosphere.
Clear: using bamboo and evergreen plants, mainly bamboo, "no bamboo, no clarity", forming a clear and lively landscape.
Charming: mostly flower-viewing penjing, mainly using plums, "no plum, no charm", forming a unique and colorful beauty.
Secluded: mostly forest penjing, using dense plants and rocks, etc., forming a forest canyon like "Qingcheng is secluded under the world."
Powerful: mostly rock penjing, mainly using stones, with trees and buildings, using relatively large stones to form the majestic posture of Mount Tai.
Risky: also rock penjing, but it should create a cliff and steep wall.
Unique: rock penjing with unique stones, forming a landscape like "Huangshan is unique under the world."
Open: mostly water and rock penjing, forming a coastal scenery, refreshing the mind.
Beautiful: also a landscape penjing, using mountains, water, flowers and trees to form a beautiful landscape like "Emei is beautiful under the world."
Five ways to water tree stump penjing
Look at the pot used for planting;
Look at the cultivating soil;
Look at the leaves of the plant;
Look at the growing season;
Look at the climate.
One scene, two pots, three shelves.
Deep pot high planting, soil raising roots method; cylindrical sand cultivation, root raising method; deep pot flat planting, water washing root raising method.
One year to ensure survival, two years to nourish roots, three years to cultivate trees.
Artistic expression techniques of penjing making
Distinct between