How to Germinate Chili Seeds
To successfully cultivate robust chili seedlings, mastering the scientific method of germinating chili seeds is key. This article will detail the complete process from seed treatment to seedling management through six practical steps, combined with professional seedling raising experience, allowing you to easily grasp the core technology of chili seed germination.
Key Steps for Germinating Chili Seeds
One, Seed Source Selection and Pretreatment
High-quality chili seeds should have the following characteristics: plump and light yellow seeds, no signs of pest damage or mildew, and a storage period not exceeding 18 months. It is recommended to use a saltwater test (5% concentration), with seeds sinking to the bottom having a germination rate of 85% or higher. Special varieties like朝天椒 require additional checks for the integrity of the seed coat.
Two, Smart Soaking System
Use gradient temperature control: first 2 hours at 35°C warm water to activate enzyme activity, followed by maintaining 25°C constant temperature for the next 6 hours. Adding 0.02% potassium permanganate solution can effectively prevent diseases, the water volume should be three times the volume of the seeds, and stir every 2 hours to ensure even water absorption.
Three, Precise Germination System
Construct a three-layer temperature-controlled environment: the bottom layer is lined with moist vermiculite, the middle layer places the seeds, and the top is covered with microporous保鲜膜. Set the intelligent temperature control box to day temperature 28±1°C/night temperature 22±1°C, and maintain humidity at 75%-85%. Ventilate for 15 minutes every 12 hours, and the germination rate can reach 90% within 48 hours.
Four, Scientific Sowing Specifications
The seedling substrate is prepared according to the ratio of peat: perlite: mature manure = 6:3:1, and the pH value is adjusted to 6.2-6.8. When sowing with a tray, 2-3 seeds with white tips are buried in each hole, with a covering soil thickness of 0.5cm. It is recommended to build a small arch shed to maintain a ground temperature of 20°C or higher.
Seedling Care Tips
After the seedlings emerge, gradually remove the covering material and maintain an average daily light of 6-8 hours. Apply 50ppm calcium-containing foliar fertilizer when the true leaves unfold, and keep the substrate moisture content at around 60%. Pay attention to preventing damping-off disease, which can be controlled using Bacillus subtilis.
By following the six-step chili seed germination method detailed in this article, combined with precise control of temperature, light, water, and fertilizer, the entire germination process can be completed in 7-10 days. It is recommended to slightly adjust parameters according to local climate characteristics, regularly observe the seed status, promptly handle any abnormal conditions, and ensure obtaining uniform and robust chili seedlings.