How to care for Wisteria Bonsai
Introduction: This article provides an introduction to the care and cultivation methods of Wisteria Bonsai and Wisteria tree Bonsai in the field of green plants and flowers. Let's follow the editor to find out more!
Wisteria is a deciduous shrub or small tree belonging to the family Lythraceae and the genus Wisteria, also known as Itch Flower, Itch Tree, Purple Gold Flower, Purple Orchid, Mosquito Flower, Western Water Serviceberry, Hundred Day Red, and Barkless Tree. The Wisteria tree has a graceful posture, smooth and clean trunk, and bright flowers; it blooms during the summer and autumn seasons when there are few flowers, with a long flowering period, hence the name "Hundred Day Red." There is also a saying, "In the midst of the lush greenery of summer, this flower is red all over the room," making it an excellent material for flower, trunk, and root viewing in Bonsai.
Wisteria is native to the Yangtze River Valley in China, prefers warm and humid climates, is fond of light, slightly shade-tolerant, likes fertilizer, especially deep and fertile sandy loam soil, grows well in slightly moist areas, is drought-resistant, avoids waterlogging, and dislikes planting in low-lying wet areas with high water tables. It prefers warm temperatures but can withstand cold, has a strong germination ability, and is also resistant to pollution, with strong resistance to sulfur dioxide, hydrogen fluoride, and chlorine gas. It is semi-shady, grows well in fertile and moist soil, and can also withstand drought, growing well in both calcareous and acidic soils.
I. Propagation methods of Wisteria: The propagation methods of Wisteria include seed propagation, cutting propagation, grafting, division, and layering.
1. Seed Propagation: It can be carried out from September to November in autumn when the fruit capsules turn from green to brown. Collect the fruiting spikes, remove the fruit skin, dry in the sun, and store in a ventilated and dry place. In the following spring, from March to April, proceed with sowing. The common sowing methods include drill sowing, broadcast sowing in furrows, or broadcast sowing on the bed surface, with 2-3 seeds spaced every 3-4 centimeters. After sowing, cover with about 2 centimeters of fine soil, and ensure the soil is not visible. Use straw or plastic film to cover and keep the bed soil moist. Maintain the seedbed temperature at 15-20°C after sowing. Seeds can germinate in about 10-15 days. After germination, remove the covering material and gradually expose to sunlight. Ensure soil moisture after emergence, thin seedlings after 2 pairs of true leaves appear, and apply dilute decomposed fertilizer water 2-3 times from June to July. Prevent drought in summer by watering regularly. By the end of the year, the seedlings can reach a height of over 50 centimeters. After defoliation in winter, prune lateral and flowering branches promptly. Transplant in early spring of the following year.
2. Layering Propagation: There are two methods of layering propagation for Wisteria: low layering and high layering. Low layering is usually chosen for 1-3-year-old branches in early spring, selecting long branches to touch the ground, cutting the bark in the area of contact with the ground, covering with soil, and keeping the soil moist. Keep the soil moist after layering, and after about a month, roots can form and survive. Cut off the mother plant from below the root formation and plant elsewhere to become a new plant.
High layering, also known as aerial layering, involves selecting vigorous 2-4-year-old branches on the tree crown, removing half to two-thirds of the bark at a distance of 20-30 centimeters from the base, then wrapping the wound with a ball of fertilized soil, and covering with plastic film to keep it moist. High layering is usually done from February to March in early spring. By August to September, white roots can be seen through the plastic film, and the layered branches are cut off 3-5 centimeters below the wrapped ball. The cut-off layers must be immediately planted in a temporary bed, and generally, roots can form about 3 months after high layering.
3. Division Propagation: This is done before germination in early spring or after defoliation in autumn and winter, digging up suckers from the rootstock, cutting them into several single plants, or planting 2-3 rooted suckers together. After transplanting, water thoroughly, keep the soil moist, and shade if necessary, watering in dry weather.
4. Cutting Propagation: Wisteria cutting propagation can be divided into softwood cutting and hardwood cutting.
Softwood Cutting: Softwood cutting is usually done from July to August, selecting semi-hardened branches, cutting into 8-10 centimeter-long cuttings, and retaining 2-3 leaves at the top. The cutting depth is about 5-8 centimeters, water thoroughly after cutting, then cover the cutting bed with a layer of plastic film, build a shade net to keep it moist and warm, and roots can usually form in about 15-20 days.
Hardwood Cutting: Hardwood cutting is usually done from late March to early April before the branches bud. Select strong one-year-old branches from healthy parent plants, cut into 10-15 centimeter-long branches, and plant them at a depth of about 10 centimeters. Water thoroughly after planting, cover with plastic film, and build a shade shed.
Plant growth regulators can be used to treat Wisteria cuttings to promote root formation, with common regulators such as indole butyric acid, indole acetic acid, naphthalene acetic acid, 2,4-D, and root powder all having a good effect on root promotion.
II. Cultivation: Wisteria is mainly cultivated in the open field: when the seedlings are over 50 centimeters tall, they can be planted around the courtyard. If planted in groups, the spacing between plants should be about 4 meters to avoid planting too densely and affecting ventilation. Wisteria cultivation should choose a sunny and moist soil, fertile, slightly acidic (pH 6-6.5), and well-drained soil. The spacing for planting Wisteria in the open field is 3 meters apart in rows and 4 meters apart in rows, with planting holes dug 50 centimeters deep, applying decomposed manure as a base fertilizer. Before planting, cut off the broken, damaged, and overly long roots of the Wisteria plant. First, fill the planting hole with fertile soil, place the Wisteria plant in the center of the hole, straighten it, spread the roots, fill the soil to half, then gently lift and shake the plant to compact the soil. The planting should not be too deep, keeping the rootstock level with the ground. Water thoroughly after planting.
III. Management: Cultivating Wisteria also requires attention to fertilizer and water management, otherwise growth will be inhibited and flowering affected. In the high-temperature seasons of summer and autumn, when Wisteria is growing and flowering, it is important to water according to the "dry and wet" principle.排水 promptly after heavy rain to prevent root rot. Apply some farmyard manure before germination and apply fertilized soil to the roots after defoliation in autumn to promote growth. From the beginning of spring to the beginning of autumn, apply fertilizer every 10 days, every half month after the beginning of autumn, and stop fertilizing after the beginning of winter. After defoliation in winter, prune appropriately to promote lateral branches. Regularly cultivate the soil to remove weeds, keep the soil loose, reduce moisture evaporation, and promote air circulation, which is an important task to ensure the rapid and robust growth of Wisteria plants. After the flowers fade, prune the remaining flowers, withered branches, weak branches, and diseased branches promptly.
The above is the specific content on how to care for Wisteria Bonsai and the cultivation methods of Wisteria tree Bonsai for your reference and operation.