Is Margaret annual or perennial?
Let me share with you the knowledge of whether Margaret is an annual or a perennial plant, and the next is a comprehensive introduction.
Marguerite (scientific name: Argyranthemum frutescens) is a favorite ornamental plant among horticulturists, and its growth cycle has been controversial. From the perspective of botanical classification, Margarita native to the Canary Islands belongs to the perennial shrub of the genus Chrysanthemum in the Compositae. However, in actual cultivation, its growth performance is significantly affected by temperature, regional differences and maintenance methods, showing different life cycle characteristics.
1. Botanical attributes and growth characteristics 1. The essential characteristics of perennials Margaret can maintain continuous growth for 5-7 years in its native place, and the diameter of lignified stems can reach 3-5 cm, which has the physiological structure of a typical perennial plant. Its root system consists of taproots and developed lateral roots. After the above-ground parts wither in winter, the underground buds still remain vibrant. A 2018 Royal Botanical Garden study showed that the annual growth of mature plants can reach 60-80cm, and natural renewal can be achieved through basal sprouting. 2. Double manifestations of temperature sensitivity When the environmental temperature continues to fall below-5℃, the root frostbite rate reaches more than 70%. Cultivation data in the Yangtze River Basin in China shows that the survival rate of outdoor wintering is only 30%-40%, while 100% survival can be achieved in a greenhouse environment. This temperature dependence has led to it being often regarded as an annual cultivation in temperate regions, and is actually a survival strategy for perennial plants in inappropriate environments. 2. Cultivation differences caused by regional differences 1. Performance of different climatic areas (1) Tropical and subtropical areas (average annual temperature above 18℃): The characteristics of perennials are remarkable, with a life span of 3-5 years, and they can wintering in the open without special protection. Records from the Guangzhou Botanical Garden show that some plants continue to bloom for 4 years and 3 months. (2) Temperate areas (average winter temperature below 0℃): usually cultivated as spring sowing annual, and dies in late autumn. Planting experiments in Changping District, Beijing showed that 60% of the plants could safely survive the winter with double film cover protection. 2. Impact of commercial production In order to reduce costs, modern horticulture generally adopts the "elimination after flowering" model. Statistics from the Dutch Flower Association show that 85% of commercial Margaret seedlings are managed according to an annual cycle, with an average cultivation time of only 8-10 months. This kind of business behavior further strengthens his "one-year-old" market awareness. 3. Key technologies to extend the cultivation cycle 1. Key points for wintering management (1) Temperature control: Keep it no lower than 5 ° C at night, and use a solar board greenhouse with floor heating for better effect (2) pruning timing: re-cut in mid-October to retain 15-20cm of trunk to reduce nutrient consumption (3) Water management: Maintain the substrate humidity at 30%-40% in winter to avoid rotten roots 2. Key measures for summer (1) Shade network: use 50% shading rate sunshade net when above 35℃ (2) Ventilation requirements: maintain air circulation speed>0.5m/s to prevent the breeding of red spiders (3) Fertilization adjustment: Switch to 14-0-14 high-potassium formula, applied once a month. 4. Application value of life cycle control 1. Options for different cultivation purposes (1) Flower bed scenery: Spring sowing is recommended for annual cultivation, with controllable cost and neat flowering period (2) Potted ornamental: It is recommended for perennial cultivation, and the growth is maintained by regular pot changes (every 1-1.5 years)(3) Mother preservation: Professional greenhouse facilities are required to maintain the day/night temperature of 18℃/12℃2. Comparison of economic benefits The data of growers in Qingzhou, Shandong Province shows that the average annual output value of a perennial cultivated individual plant is 12-15 yuan, but the investment in facilities increases by 200%. The annual cultivation turnover is fast, and the annual income per unit area can be increased by 35%-40%. Growers need to choose models based on market positioning. In summary, Margaret is essentially a semi-shrub with perennial habits, and its "annual" characteristics are actually adaptive responses to environmental stresses. Through scientific management, especially temperature control, years of cultivation can also be achieved in non-tropical areas. Growers should select suitable planting models based on actual needs and local climatic conditions to maximize the ornamental value and economic value of the plant. Recent research has found that some new cold-resistant varieties such as 'Ice Princess' can tolerate low temperatures of-8℃, which will further change traditional cultivation perceptions.
Is the Margaret described in [] above an annual or a perennial? A comprehensive introduction, hoping to bring some relevant knowledge about green plants to green plant fans.