The Cultivation Methods and Precautions for Bonsai Ficus
As a living fossil of classical garden art, the bonsai ficus is deeply loved for its robust and twisted branches and evergreen characteristics throughout the seasons. To showcase the natural wild charm of this岭南 treasure in a small space, it is necessary to master scientific and systematic cultivation methods. This article will delve into the entire process of maintenance system from soil proportioning to shaping maintenance.
Four Core Points of Bonsai Ficus Maintenance
Special Soil Mixing Scheme
Using a mixture of decomposed leaf soil and coarse river sand in a 2:1 ratio, add 50g of pine bark particles per cubic meter to enhance breathability. For acidic environment adjustment, pour a diluted solution of rice vinegar (500 times) every month to maintain a pH value between 5.5-6.5.
Intelligent Water Management Strategy
In spring and autumn, use the 'soak pot method' to replenish water weekly, in summer, supplement with early morning and evening foliar sprays, and in winter, use a long-spouted pot to slowly pour water along the pot wall. Judge water demand by observing the state of aerial roots: when new aerial roots are light white, it indicates that water supply is just right.
Precise Nutrient Supply Cycle
During the growing period, alternately use nitrogen-rich soybean cake fertilizer (March) and phosphate-potassium based bone meal fertilizer (June). Apply slow-release granular fertilizer in September to store energy for overwintering, combined with EM bacteria agents to improve soil microecology.
Dynamic Light Control Technology
Ensure 6 hours of direct sunlight per day in spring and winter, and set up a 50% shade net in summer. Use a rotatable base to achieve even lighting, and supplement with grow lights to maintain an 8000-10000lux light intensity during continuous cloudy and rainy days.
Advanced Shaping Maintenance Techniques
Golden Period for Root Pruning
Conduct root washing and potting replacement around the time of Jingzhe every year, retaining 1/3 of the protective soil. Use disinfected carbon steel scissors to remove old roots, and apply wood ash to the incisions to promote healing. Place the plant in a scattered light environment for 20 days after potting.
Artistic Shaping Time Window
Perform coiling when the new branches are half lignified (around May), using plastic-coated aluminum wire to avoid grooves. Wrap the main stem with moist moss to keep it moist, combined with pinching to promote secondary branching, which can form a basic framework in three years.
Through systematic maintenance management, the bonsai ficus can not only display the visual wonder of 'a tree becoming a forest', but can also become a living art piece that is passed down through generations. Mastering these key technical points allows even新手 (beginners) to cultivate high-value精品 (exquisite) plants.