How to cultivate脐橙 in detail:脐橙 planting and management methods

How to cultivate navel orangesThis article provides a detailed introduction to the cultivation and management methods of navel orange planting, including knowledge about flowers. Let's get started with an introduction.Navel orange planting can be managed using the following methods:Using insect-proof nets can prevent the occurrence and spread of various fruit pests such as aphids, psyllids, fruit-eating moths, fruit borers, fruit flies, etc., thereby preventing the alternating transmission of these pests. It is particularly effective in controlling pests such as aphids and psyllids, which transmit diseases, and plays a significant role in preventing the spread of diseases such as citrus greening and Huanglongbing.(I) Soil managementThe mineral nutrients and water required for the growth and development of navel orange trees are mainly absorbed by the roots from the soil. Soil is the foundation for the growth and development of navel oranges and also the storage place for fertilizers and water. Therefore, the essence of soil management is to coordinate the water, fertilizer, air, and heat in the soil, forming a virtuous cycle of soil environment, promoting the development of navel orange roots, enhancing the drought and cold resistance of trees, and ultimately achieving early fruiting, high yield, and high-quality production.1. Expanding the planting hole and improving the soilThe soil types in the hilly areas of southern Jiangxi are mainly red soil, yellow soil, and purple sandy soil, which are characterized by acidity, hardness, infertility, stickiness, and drought. Therefore, whether building new orchards in flat land, hills, or mountains, it is necessary to adhere to the principle of soil improvement before planting. However, deepening the planting hole (trench) once cannot be a one-time effort. With the extension of roots, expansion of tree crowns, and increase in yield, it is necessary to continuously improve the soil of the orchard, increase fertility, and maintain the vigorous growth of trees. To achieve this goal, it is necessary to plan and expand the planting holes and improve the soil of the entire orchard according to the growth and development规律 of navel orange trees.(1) Method: Expanding the planting holes involves deepening the soil along the outer side of the planting trench or the previous expansion trench, requiring no partitions, just exposing the roots to avoid excessive damage to the fine roots; the width of the expansion trench is 50-60 cm, and the depth is 60-80 cm; 20-30 kg of coarse organic fertilizer is buried in layers per cubic meter, and cake fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer are added near the tree crown.(2) Time: Expansion of planting holes can be carried out in all seasons as long as the roots are not damaged. In practical operations, the filling materials and labor should be arranged according to specific conditions and requirements, and the soil improvement of the entire orchard should be completed in 2-3 years. Avoid conducting expansion of planting holes during the vigorous growth period of new shoots, the vigorous growth period of young fruits, the low soil temperature in winter, and the hot and dry season. In southern Jiangxi, production orchards generally carry out soil improvement after the autumn shoots of the previous year have matured in September to November; for young navel orange orchards that have not yet produced fruit, soil improvement can be conducted from the maturation of the spring shoots until mid-November.2. Intercropping and grassingGrassing cultivation in navel orange orchards can improve soil structure, continuously increase soil organic matter and fertility, reduce chemical fertilizer input; prevent soil and water loss, conserve fertilizer and water, and resist drought; regulate air temperature, promote the normal physiological activities of navel oranges; promote the growth of navel oranges, significantly increase fruit yield and quality; attract a large number of natural enemies, improve the biological control ability of the navel orange orchard, and reduce pest damage and the use of pesticides. It is a technology promoted by the Ministry of Agriculture for the production of green food fruits and has been designated as a national demonstration and promotion project for the introduction of foreign intellectual achievements in agriculture and a "948" agricultural technology introduction project.Orchard intercropping: For young navel orange orchards with small tree crowns, economic crops such as peanuts, legumes, red clover, and radish can be interplanted in the rows. It is not suitable to interplant tall and vine crops such as tobacco, corn, watermelons, sweet potatoes, etc.(1) Natural grassing: After completely removing harmful weeds in the navel orange orchard, beneficial weeds such as dandelion, foxtail grass, and horsetail are naturally retained outside the tree basin.(2) Artificial grassing: After completely removing weeds in the field, artificial planting of grass species with strong adaptability, high yield of fresh grass, dwarf stature, and shallow root systems that are conducive to the growth and reproduction of pest natural enemies