How to plant watermelons for high yield techniques
A small knowledge of life, introducing how to plant watermelons for high yield techniques and the introduction of green plants and flowers in the planting and management of watermelon seedlings, let's get to know together.
Watermelon flesh is sweet and juicy, and it is very popular in the summer. Many farmers also choose to plant watermelons. So how can watermelons be planted to achieve high yields? And how to manage?
1. Choose good seeds and layout varieties reasonably
Good seeds are the prerequisite for high yields, and reasonable layout of early, medium, and late maturity varieties can improve economic benefits.
2. Key points of cultivation techniques
(1) Do not rush the seedlings in the early stage, just ensure there is no water shortage during the pollination period, avoid excessive watering, and prevent the plants from growing too tall.
(2) After the watermelon is set, water and fertilize in time.
(3) It is not suitable to water too late after the watermelon is set, and the amount of water should be moderate.
(4) Watermelons can be watered and fertilized generously during the expansion period, which is beneficial for increasing yield.
3. Clean ditches and drain water, prepare the land and apply fertilizer
Dig drainage ditches around, make sure the ditches are interconnected, and the water dries up after the rain.
4. Timely germinate seeds and transplant seedlings carefully
(1) Sowing period. According to the climatic conditions and the temperature required for watermelon growth, the best time for open-field sowing is mid to late April.
(2) Seed quantity. Use 1-1.5 kg of seeds per mu of field, and for hybrid watermelons, use 2-2.5 kg per mu.
(3) Soak and germinate seeds. First, soak the seeds in warm water at 50-55℃ for 15-20 minutes, then add a small amount of cold water to lower the temperature, and let the water cool naturally for 2-3 hours.
(4) The suitable temperature for watermelon seed germination is 30-35℃.
5. Open-field sowing
When the seedlings are 1-2 inches long, select them for sowing, plant 2-3 seeds per hole, remove the weaker seedlings, and fill in missing seedlings in time.
6.保温育苗 (Insulated seedling raising)
It can be sown as early as the end of March or early April, with the advantages of saving seeds, easy management, strong seedlings, early maturity, and high yield.
7. Reasonable density and scientific fertilization in stages
(1) The planting density of watermelons varies depending on the variety and soil fertility, with about 450 plants per mu being suitable.
(2) Till the soil, remove weeds in time, usually 2-3 times.
(3) For topdressing, follow the principle of less food, more meals, starting light and then heavy.
(4) When most of the melon bowls are large, use 15 kg of urea + 5 kg of potassium fertilizer per mu, diluted with water and applied near the melon base.
(5) After the first batch of melons is harvested, to grow the second and third batches of melons and prevent early seedling decline, 80 kg of active organic fertilizer + 15 kg of urea can be applied underground per mu.
8. Take various measures to improve fruit setting rate
(1) Pruning and removing suckers. Watermelons have a strong branching ability, which can cause vigorous vine growth and low fruit setting rate. Pruning is to adjust the direction of nutrient distribution, maintain a certain leaf-fruit ratio, improve quality, and increase fruit size to promote fruit development.
(2) Artificial pollination. The method is: pick the male flower buds that open on the day and place them in a small basin to let them open naturally. After the female flowers open, remove the petals of the male flowers and apply the twisted anthers to the honeycomb-like stigma of the female flowers. Each male flower can pollinate 1-2 female flowers.
(3) Select and retain melons. Sometimes, several melons may appear on a single plant, significantly reducing fruit size. Remove the malformed young fruits and keep 1-2 to concentrate nutrients and increase fruit size.
(4) Protect young fruits. Use waste paper, grass, etc., to cover the young fruits to prevent damage from wind and rain.
(5) Prevent excessive growth. Mainly apply fertilizers reasonably, do not apply nitrogen fertilizers one-sidedly, and if excessive growth is seen, measures such as needling, heart severing, and bending vines can be taken to stop it.
9. Timely irrigation and drainage
(1) In the rainy season, clear the ditches and drain the water to lower the groundwater level.
(2) In the hot and dry season, when the melon leaves show signs of wilting, water should be灌溉ed in the middle of the night, with rapid irrigation and drainage.
10. Control pests and diseases
(1) For the control of pests and diseases, agricultural control should be the main method, with comprehensive control.
(2) Methods such as "grafting to change roots," soil disinfection, crop rotation, selecting disease-resistant varieties, and chemical agents can be used.
11. Harvest at the right time for high yield and quality
(1) It takes about 40 days from the flowering of the fruit to the maturity of the fruit.
(2) Timely harvesting is not only a measure to ensure quality and improve economic benefits but also a key to cultivating the next batch of melons in time to increase the total yield.
The above content about how to plant watermelons for high yield techniques and the planting and management of watermelon seedlings is hoped to help you, and at the same time, we hope that everyone will come to see more green plant and flower experience and common sense!