The cultivation methods and precautions of Lilac
Lilacs are deeply loved by horticulture enthusiasts for their elegant aroma and unique flower shape. As a perennial woody plant, scientific cultivation and management can significantly extend the blooming period and enhance the plant's resistance. This article will systematically analyze the key points of lilac cultivation from environmental regulation to daily maintenance.
Regulation of Lilac Growing Environment
Soil Matrix Proportioning Scheme
Using a ceramic pot combined with sandy loam soil (with sand particles accounting for 40%) can create an ideal rhizosphere environment, and the soil porosity should be maintained between 35%-40%. Adding decomposed pine needle soil every spring can adjust the pH value to the range of 6.0-7.0, effectively preventing iron deficiency chlorosis.
Light and Temperature Synergistic Management
Daily sunlight should be ensured for 6 hours of direct exposure, and during the period of 10:00-15:00 in summer, use a shading net to reduce light intensity by 30%. Maintain an overwintering temperature of above 5°C in winter, and it is recommended to use double-layer insulation film to build a temporary greenhouse in northern regions.
Daily Maintenance Practice of Lilac
Intelligent Water Management
Establish a soil moisture classification system: the top 2cm of the surface is a mild water deficiency signal, and water must be supplemented immediately when the total weight of the pot is reduced by 1/3. Use a siphon drainage system during the rainy season to ensure that the matrix water content is ≤65%.
Scientific Pruning System
Implement a three-level pruning method in early spring: main branches retain 3-5 buds, thinning branches with an angle >45°, and keeping 8-10 fruiting branches per square meter. When repotting, the amount of盘根 (plate roots) cut should be controlled within 20% of the total root mass.
Prevention and Control of Diseases and Pests of Lilac
Comprehensive Control of Yellowing Disease
Apply chelated iron fertilizer (EDTA-Fe 6%) combined with a 0.1% citric acid solution once a month for three consecutive times to restore chlorophyll synthesis. For alkaline soil in the north, it is recommended to bury sulfur powder (200g/m³) for long-term improvement.
The cultivation methods and precautions of Lilac
Biological Control of Red Spider Mite
Spatial Planning Suggestions for Lilac
Potted plants need to ensure a growing space of more than 50cm in diameter, and the spacing of field-planted plants should be maintained at 1.2-1.5m. Nightly release of volatile substance concentration monitoring shows that no more than 3 adult plants should be placed in a 10㎡ space.
Through precise environmental regulation and systematic management, lilacs can bloom 3-4 times a year, and the lifespan of a single plant can be extended to over 15 years. Regularly conducting leaf nutrient tests and root health assessments, combined with adjustments to the maintenance plan based on the phenological period, can keep the plant in the best ornamental state.