Soilless cultivation techniques for rose planting
For the netizens who are concerned, we will explain in detail the knowledge of green plants and flowers in soilless cultivation and planting techniques of rose. Next, we will let you understand it together. Soilless cultivation and planting techniques for rose roses have beautiful colors and colorful flower shapes. The flowers are large, have long flowering periods, have many varieties, and have a refreshing fragrance. They are famous as the "Queen of Flowers" by countries around the world. Rose flowers are also called Yueyuehong, which means that the flowering period is long. When cultivated in the open field, they can open from May to October, even snow, and roses bloom. Therefore, they are also called "Douxuehong" roses. Most of them use flowers as medicine, roots, branches, etc. can also be used as medicine. They are sweet and warm in nature, and have the effects of activating blood circulation and regulating menstruation, swelling and detoxifying. 1. Ecological habits and requirements for environmental conditions Roses prefer warm, cool, sufficient light and relatively humid ecological environments. The lowest temperature for spring bud germination and spring shoot growth is about 5 ° C, and the most suitable growth temperature is 18-25 ° C., the optimal temperature for rose flowering is 20-25 ° C, and exceeding 28 ° C has an adverse impact on flowering. As long as the temperature is suitable in winter, such as cultivation in a greenhouse, the rose can also bloom as usual. Therefore, the rose has the reputation of "this flower never has a spring breeze" and "one year often occupies the four seasons of spring". The temperature drops to-5--10℃ and the roses are not in danger of freezing. During soilless cultivation, keep room temperature at 10-15℃, and roses can continue to grow. Rose is a positive flower and has a strong photojoy. Sunshine should be maintained for 4-6 hours every day. Rose is drought-tolerant and does not choose substrates, but loose, fertile and slightly acidic cultivation substrates are the most suitable. 2. Cultivation techniques (1) Variety selection Identification and familiarity with the characteristics of some rose varieties and their ecological habits are crucial for soilless cultivation of rose. Generally, a large number of potted plants (trough planting, bed planting, etc.) can choose variegated aromatic rose varieties with beautiful and large flowers, dazzling colors, and fragrant flowers; while a small number of potted plants can choose a variety of flowering rose varieties with dense branches, lush flowers and leaves, and frequent flowers. Some varieties of variegated aromatic roses and flowered roses suitable for soilless cultivation are introduced as follows: 1. Red flowered roses; Star, Glory, Xiangyun, Lushimei, Blood Sea, A Pair of Red, Fire King, Xinjiehong, American Red, New Berlin, etc.
2. White rose: Perfume White, White Knight, White Swan, White Christmas, Baishi Carrier, Ice Mountain, White Jade Heart, etc.
3. Yellow rose: Sudanese gold, swan yellow, battlefield yellow, button yellow, gold star, etc.
4. Purple ink rose: night, red light and ink shadow, black and red king, red and ink double shine, black whirlwind, fragrant purple velvet, etc.
5. Blue rose: blue moon, lilac season, Raventechum, Song of Paris, La Vine girl, etc.
6. Green rose: green calyx, green green, double kingfisher, etc.
7. Polychrome rose: Beijing Peace, Carpet, Perfect Beauty, Flower Girl, Trailer, Circus, Colorful, etc.
(2) Soilless culture substrate allocation, facility form and management The seedlings of roses that are grafted, cut or layered can be put into pots in April. The medium and large seedlings that are 1-2 years old must be placed in pots and pots after dormancy to before germination (November-January).
1. Preparation of potted substrate (1) 4 parts of humus soil, 2 parts of Laiyuan soil, 3 parts of coarse sand, and 1 part of bone meal;(2) 5 parts of garden soil (based on compaction volume ratio), 2 parts of humus soil, 2 parts of dried cow dung, 1 part of sand, and then add a small amount of cake fertilizer, bone meal, potassium sulfate, etc.;(3) 5 parts of humus soil, 3 parts of saw wood chips, and 2 parts of dried horse manure (cow dung);(4) 1 part of light stone, 2 parts of sand, 4 parts of humus soil, 2 parts of sawdust, 1 part of carbonized rice hull, and add appropriate amount of vegetable cake, bone meal, and potassium sulfate. Select one of the above formula substrates according to local conditions, mix well and disinfect them. The role is to kill diseases and kill insects. The method is: evenly sprinkle 500 times of amineb solution and 500 times of dichlorvos solution on the substrate, mix well and pile it up, then cover it with a film, and let it stand for 2-3 days to start using.
2. Potting and managing pots for cultivating roses must be handled first. Soak the new basin with water, brush the old basin with water, cover the holes with grain grass, and first place a 1-3 cm thick sieve on the bottom of the basin to remove coarse pieces of slag or coarse sand as a drainage layer according to the size of the basin. After the roses are placed in the pot, immediately consolidate the substrate. The substrate used for pots must be kept moist, and the water must not be watered thoroughly after pots are put into pots. Pay attention to shade and avoid the wind. Generally, water is poured thoroughly 2-3 days after being placed in the pot. Spray water can be sprayed to protect seedlings when it is dry. This can promote the healing of root wounds, prevent rot and shrinkage, and quickly survive the root and grow vigorously. Use 7-8 grains of compound granular fertilizer each time when topdressing.
3. Nutrient solution cultivation The gravel farming method can be used for nutrient solution cultivation. The schematic diagram of the facility structure of the gravel tillage method used in Table 10-2 for the preparation of nutrient solution is shown in Figure 10-1. The cultivation bed is 18 meters long, 0.53 meters wide, and 0.9-1.3 meters high. The nutrient solution pool is designed with a capacity of 3-4 tons per mu of land and supplies liquid in a circulating manner. The cultivation bed is filled with gravel, and the seedlings are raised in rock wool bowls. After planting, the liquid is drained after 1 week. When supplying liquid after survival, turn on the spray heads on both sides and spray liquid. Excess nutrient solution flows into the nutrient solution pool along the slope of the cultivation bed, and then continues to be recycled. The number of liquid administration per day depends on weather conditions, 3-5 times a day in summer and 1-3 times a day in winter. Each time liquid is supplied, the motor water pump works for 30-90 seconds and can be adjusted freely according to the growth and management requirements. When the amount of nutrient solution in the nutrient solution pool is halved, fluid replacement (2-4 times a month) needs to be performed. Adjust the pH value and nutrient solution concentration when fluid replacement.
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