Fruit tree grafting, as a traditional propagation method, has been widely used in agricultural production. Grafting methods differ depending on different fruit tree varieties, growth environments, and grafting purposes. This article will introduce several common grafting methods to help you improve fruit quality and yield.
Grafting methods vary according to fruit tree varieties1. Selection of rootstock and scion
In the grafting process, it is first necessary to select suitable rootstock and scion according to the fruit tree variety. The rootstock should be a vigorous and adaptable variety, while the scion should be a variety with good fruit quality and high yield.
2. Common grafting methods
(1) Split grafting: Suitable for fruit trees with harder wood, such as apples and pears. During operation, split the rootstock, insert the scion into the split, and then tie it up with grafting tape.
(2) Bud grafting: Suitable for fruit trees with softer wood, such as peaches and apricots. During operation, peel off the bud piece from the scion and stick it on the cut surface of the rootstock, then tie it up with grafting tape.
(3) Bark grafting: Suitable for fruit trees with thin wood and thick bark, such as citrus and grapes. During operation,剥离 the bark of the rootstock, place the bark of the scion on the rootstock, and then tie it up with grafting tape.
Grafting methods vary according to growth environments1. Temperature
The temperature during the grafting process greatly affects the survival rate. The suitable grafting temperature is 20-25°C. In low or high temperatures, the survival rate of grafting will decrease.
2. Humidity
Humidity is also an important factor affecting the survival rate of grafting. In a dry environment, it is necessary to keep the soil moist after grafting to facilitate healing.
3. Light
Light has an important impact on the growth and fruit quality after grafting. After grafting, avoid direct strong sunlight to prevent the scion from withering.
Grafting methods vary according to grafting purposes1. Improve fruit quality
Through grafting, the good fruit quality of the superior variety can be passed on to the rootstock, thereby improving the fruit quality. Grafting high-quality apple varieties onto rootstock can enhance the fruit quality of the rootstock.
2. Increase yield
Grafting can make fruit trees grow vigorously, bear fruit earlier, and thus increase yield. Grafting high-yielding varieties onto rootstock can significantly increase yield.
3. Improve disease resistance
Grafting can enhance the disease resistance of fruit trees, reducing the occurrence of pests and diseases. Grafting disease-resistant varieties onto rootstock can reduce the incidence of pests and diseases.
Grafting methods vary according to fruit tree varieties, growth environments, and grafting purposes. Understanding and mastering various grafting methods can help improve fruit quality and yield, contributing to the development of China's fruit industry. In practical operations, the appropriate grafting method should be selected according to specific conditions to achieve the best results.
References:
[1] Zhang Wei, Wang Fang. Fruit Tree Grafting Techniques and Their Applications [J]. Agricultural Science and Technology, 2018, 15(5): 1-4.
[2] Liu Hongbo, Li Ming. Research and Application of Fruit Tree Grafting Techniques [J]. Agricultural Science and Technology, 2017, 14(10): 15-17.
[3] Li Zhigang, Zhang Xiaoyan. Fruit Tree Grafting Techniques and Their Applications in Agricultural Production [J]. Agricultural Science and Technology, 2016, 13(9): 20-22.