How to Propagate Cacti
As a survival expert among desert plants, cacti have become a popular choice for household greenery due to their unique shape and tenacious vitality. Mastering the correct propagation method can help cacti root and shape quickly, and this article will explain the key operations from material selection to maintenance through five core steps.
One: Choosing the Right Time for Propagation
1.1 Characteristics of the Best Season
Cacti have the highest survival rate in a temperature range of 15-28°C, with late spring to early autumn (April to September) being the golden period. In the north, it is recommended to avoid the plum rain season of July and August, while in the south, attention should be paid to the high humidity risk during the typhoon season.
1.2 Winter Propagation Considerations
In a heated room, maintaining a day-night temperature difference of ≤8°C, winter propagation can be achieved using the bagging method to keep moisture. It is necessary to complement this with grow lights to maintain 6 hours of daylight per day.
Two: Scientific Substrate Proportions
2.1 Basic Formula Analysis
It is recommended to use a mixed substrate of "coarse river sand: red jade soil: decomposed leaf soil = 5:3:2," with a porosity of over 35% to ensure water permeability and breathability. A 3% carbendazim powder can be added for substrate disinfection.
2.2 Advanced Improvement Plan
For precious varieties, vermiculite and rice husk charcoal (each accounting for 10%) can be added to enhance the supply of trace elements. Never use uncomposted organic fertilizers, as they can easily cause fungal infections.
Three: Propagation Operation Standards
3.1 Grafting Standard Selection
Select healthy cactus pads that are over 2 years old and at least 10cm long, with full leaf flesh and no sunburn spots. When cutting, retain 0.5cm of the mother plant tissue at the base, and create a 45° oblique cut to increase the rooting area.
3.2 Wound Treatment Process
During the drying period, keep the cut surface upward and place it in a well-ventilated and diffused light area. It is recommended to apply wood ash or sulfur powder, which can reduce the probability of rot by 85%.
Four: Smart Maintenance System
4.1 Environmental Parameter Control
During the slow seedling period, maintain air circulation and keep the environmental humidity between 40-60%. Use the "wet-dry" watering method, pouring water slowly along the pot edge after the substrate is completely dry.
4.2 Rooting Judgment Techniques
After new buds sprout, apply 101 vitality essence (diluted 2000 times) to the roots once a week for three consecutive weeks. Gently pull the plant to feel resistance, and use a transparent seedling tray to observe root development.
Through scientific temperature and humidity management, standardized propagation operations, and precise maintenance control, even gardening beginners can achieve over 90% survival rate for cacti propagation. It is recommended to record the growth status monthly and gradually establish an individualized maintenance plan.