How to Water Cattleya orchid to Prevent Root Rot
As an epiphytic plant of the cactus family, Cattleya orchid's unique fleshy roots are extremely sensitive to water. Mastering scientific watering methods is key to preventing root rot, and more systematic treatment measures need to be taken when the plant's root system has issues. This article will provide a detailed analysis of the core points of water management in the maintenance process of Cattleya orchid from two dimensions: prevention and treatment.
Ⅰ. Three Principles of Scientific Watering for Cattleya Orchid
1. Accurate Soil Moisture Judgment
Use the bamboo stake insertion method: Insert a dry bamboo stake 5cm deep into the potting soil, leave it for 5 minutes, and then pull it out. If only the tip of the bamboo stake is slightly moist, it indicates that the watering standard has been met. In winter, it is recommended to use a soil moisture meter, and water only when the reading is ≤30%.
2. Special Water Control Plan for Flowering Period
During the bud differentiation period (October to November), maintain a substrate moisture content of 40%-50% and use the immersion method to water for 5 minutes each time. During the full bloom period (December to February), water every 15-20 days, and use foliar sprays to maintain air humidity. Be careful to avoid water droplets accumulating at the base of the flower buds.
3. Watering Rhythm Adapted to the Environment
When the temperature is below 15℃ or above 28℃, use a stepped water control method: • Dormancy period (below 5℃/above 35℃): Stop watering• Transition period (10-15℃/28-30℃): Water once a month• Growing period (15-25℃): Water once a weekIt is recommended to finish watering before 10 a.m. and use ventilation equipment.
Ⅱ. Complete Process of Treating Root Rot in Cattleya Orchid
1. Accurate Diagnosis of Root Damage
Early symptoms: Leaves become wilted and lack luster, and the base stem joints become transparent. In severe cases of root rot, the plant can be easily lifted to show roots separated from the substrate, accompanied by a sour smell.
2. Surgical Root Pruning Operation
Prepare a curved scissors that has been disinfected with alcohol and retain healthy white roots with a diameter larger than 2mm. Perform a V-shaped excision on the brown soft rot tissue, and apply charcoal powder to the cut surface to kill germs. Adjust the drying time of the roots according to the temperature: • 25℃ environment: Dry in the shade for 48 hours• 15-20℃ environment: Dry in the sun for 72 hours
3. Building a Revitalization Cultivation System
Use a new substrate mixture of perlite: vermiculite: pine needle soil = 2:1:3, and choose a red pottery pot that is 3cm larger in diameter than the root spread. After planting, adopt a stepped rehydration method: • Week 1: Mist to keep the substrate slightly moist• Week 2: Water 50ml along the pot wall• From Week 3: Resume normal maintenance
By establishing a scientific watering system, the roots of Cattleya orchid can maintain a healthy growth state. When root rot issues occur, taking timely measures in stages can restore the plant's vitality. It is recommended to change the substrate every two years and regularly use EM bacteria solution to water the roots, fundamentally enhancing the plant's resistance to adversity.