Common Diseases and Control Methods of Succulent Plants
Today, the editor will elaborate on the topics related to succulent plants in the floral clinic, including the common diseases and control methods of succulent plants. Let's follow the editor to take a look!
Stem Rot and Stem Decay Disease
Mainly occurs in the stem near the ground and is also seen in the upper stem nodes. Initially, the affected area shows a water-soaked greenish-yellow to brownish-yellow patch, which gradually softens and rots. In the later stage, only the dried outer skin and the remaining core axis remain, and the speed of decay varies with different pathogen types. There are many causes of the disease, such as using unsterilized garbage soil or vegetable garden soil for cultivation, grafting, low temperature frostbite, and insect damage, all of which can easily trigger decay.
Control Methods
Use sterilized potting soil when potting. If spots are found at the initial stage of the disease, they should be removed immediately, and a part of the healthy tissue near the lesion should also be removed. Then apply sulfur powder or wood ash, dry the wound in the sun to promote rapid healing. When local decay is large, a healthy part can be cut and propagated by cutting or grafting, removing the diseased part, and at the same time, spray 20% methyl isocarbamate emulsion 1200 times.
(T-J) Disease
Symptoms include circular or near-circular lesions on the stem nodes or stem balls, 4 to 8 millimeters in diameter, light brown to grayish-white, with small black dots arranged in a ring pattern. When wet, orange-red粘质 spore clusters appear. There is often a chlorotic halo around the lesion, and as the disease progresses, the whole turns light brown and rots. It is most likely to occur in high temperature, humidity, and rainy periods.
Control Methods
If lesions are found, remove them promptly and then apply charcoal powder (or wood ash) to promote rapid healing of the wound. Regularly spray fungicides to prevent disease. Commonly used fungicides include: 50% carbendazim wettable powder 500 to 800 times, 50% methyl thiophanate wettable powder 500 to 800 times, 50% polysulfide suspension 500 times, etc. You can also use 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder 1000 times plus 70% methyl thiophanate wettable powder 1000 times, which has better control effects than using a single product.
Epidemic Disease
Often occurs at the stem nodes. Initially, it appears as a dark green water-soaked state at the rootstock, and the stem node softens, the outer skin becomes leather-like, and the inner tissue becomes slimy decay.
Control Methods
If lesions are found, remove them promptly and then apply charcoal powder (or wood ash) to promote rapid healing of the wound. Regularly spray 50% metalaxyl 800 times or 35% ridomil-copper wettable powder 800 times, spray every 7 to 10 days, and continue for 3 to 4 times.
Stem Rot Disease
This disease is also known as Fusarium wilt, which can infect many varieties. Young cacti and grafted plants are particularly sensitive to this disease. After the root neck of the young plant is damaged, the decay extends upwards, causing soft rot, turning yellowish-gray or brown, and severe cases can lead to plant wilt and death.
Control Methods
Water appropriately and timely, apply more potassium fertilizer, ensure good ventilation and light, and use sterilized soil for cultivation. Fungicide control can use 50% dimethoxyaniline 800 times or 1% copper sulfate solution.
Soft Rot Disease
Symptoms include initially appearing as water-soaked lesions, gradually changing color and rotting, with brown sticky fluid and a foul smell. The pathogen overwinters in the diseased plant residue. It can infect and cause disease during the growing season, mainly spreading through rainwater, irrigation water, and underground pests. It often invades through wounds. After the plant is infected in spring, it can reproduce a large number of bacteria, which become the source of infection for other plants.
Control Methods
Reduce continuous cropping, pay attention to soil replacement and disinfection. Pay attention to drainage and reasonable irrigation. Ensure ventilation and keep the base of the plant dry. Do not use diseased stems as propagation material. Remove and burn diseased plants in a timely manner and disinfect the soil with 20% lime milk or 50 to 100 grams of bleaching powder per square meter. Spray 1:1:100 Bordeaux mixture or 4000 times of agricultural streptomycin on the base of the plant at the initial stage of the disease, every half a month, and continue for 2 to 3 times.
The above introduces the complete information on the common diseases and control methods of succulent plants for everyone to learn and understand!