Planting Time and Method for朝天椒
A small knowledge of life, introducing the planting time and method of朝天椒, concerning the sowing time and planting method of朝天椒. If there is anything wrong, please correct it!
1.朝天jiu is generally sown around mid-March, choosing days with consecutive sunny weather and no wind, sowing in the morning. In the North China region, direct sowing in spring is generally done before and after Guyu (Grain Rain), choosing warm and sunny weather for sowing. The row spacing is about 40 centimeters, the sowing depth is 2 centimeters, the depth of sowing should be uniform, the seeds should be evenly distributed, and soil should be covered on top of the sowing沟, paying attention to moisture conservation.
2. Variety selection: Choose varieties with compact plant shape, high fruit yield, cluster fruiting, deep red and bright fruit color, fast and uniform maturity, low water content in fruit flesh, high dry pepper rate, high pungency, and good commercial quality, which are suitable for local cultivation. Such as Japanese Sanshin pepper, new generation Sanshin pepper, dwarf cluster bullet head, Tianyu No.3, etc.
3. Seedling raising: Before sowing, expose the seeds to the sun for 2-3 days, then soak the seeds in 50-55℃ warm water, maintain the water temperature, and stir for 15-20 minutes before taking them out. Then soak the seeds in a 10% trisodium phosphate solution or a 0.3% potassium permanganate solution for 20 minutes, rinse off the solution, wrap the seeds in clean white gauze, and incubate in an environment of 25-30℃. When 80% of the seeds have germinated, they can be sown. Small arch shed seedlings are often used, and greenhouse seedlings can be used under conditions. The seedbed should be selected on loose and fertile land that has not been planted with peppers, combined with plowing, apply 200 kilograms of high-quality decomposed manure, 0.5 kilograms of urea, and 0.1 kilograms of potassium dihydrogen phosphate per 10 square meters, and use 100 grams of 50% carbendazim wettable powder for soil treatment. The sowing time is mid-to-late March, and the day before sowing, water the soil thoroughly, and after sowing, evenly cover 0.5-0.8 centimeters of nutrient soil and press the shed tightly.
4. Raising strong seedlings: The key to raising strong seedlings is to strengthen the management of the seedbed and strengthen the roots. Strong pepper seedlings and developed roots are the basis for high and stable yield of朝天jiu. In the early and middle stages of seedling raising, focus on promoting growth, keep the temperature and humidity in the early stage to prevent frostbite, promote early emergence and full emergence of seedlings; in the middle stage, adjust the temperature and humidity reasonably to prevent seedling burning and promote seedling growth; in the later stage, ventilate to strengthen seedlings, control watering, prevent Luxuriant growth, improve seedling adaptability, and promote flower bud differentiation. When 2-3 true leaves have expanded, thin the seedlings, make sure to thin the dense areas. If there are too many seedlings and they are crowded, the unused seedlings should not be thinned as if they were weeds, so thinning is necessary, and combined with thinning, remove weeds and protect the roots to avoid severe root damage.
5. Fertilizing and land preparation, reasonable close planting: Before planting朝天jiu, fertilizing and land preparation should be done. Apply more manure as a base fertilizer in the field to increase the organic matter content of the soil. For wheat intercropping peppers, apply 500 kilograms of high-quality dry chicken manure per 667 square meters before transplanting on the ridge. The variety of朝天jiu generally has a compact plant shape and is suitable for close planting. Within a certain range, close planting can not only increase the plant population and improve the yield per unit area but also prevent lodging. About 11,000 plants can be planted per 667 square meters, and the planting depth of about 4 centimeters is more suitable. After planting, water the plants, and 7-10 days later, water shallowly to slow down the seedlings.
6. Scientific management of fertilizer and water, improving pepper fruit quality: Combined with watering to slow down seedlings, apply light and early seedling fertilizer, 10 kilograms of urea can be applied per 667 square meters, then cultivate and slow down seedlings. The purpose of harvesting mature fruits of朝天jiu is to pay attention to the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers and trace element fertilizers in addition to nitrogen fertilizers. Special attention should be paid to foliar application of complex trace element fertilizers such as boron, manganese, and zinc, which can make the leaves deep green and the plants strong, prevent flower and fruit drop. After wheat harvest, 40-50 kilograms of sulfate potassium compound fertilizer should be applied in time per 667 square meters for wheat intercropping peppers. When the pepper fruits begin to turn red, control watering to promote fruit maturity, and in case of heavy rain, control excessive growth, otherwise, the plants will grow luxuriantly and reduce fruit quality.
7. Control of diseases and pests with low-toxic biological pesticides: Nowadays, people pay more attention to health preservation and prefer green organic foods, which have high prices and sell quickly. Therefore, the control of diseases and pests of peppers should be done as much as possible using low-toxic biological pesticides to ensure product quality and safety. For diseases, you can choose alternately between bactericides such as Bacillus mucilaginosus, Caifengning, agricultural streptomycin, new植霉素, and Wuyi bacterin. For pest control, you can choose biological insecticides such as Bacillus thuringiensis, nuclear polyhedrosis virus, abamectin, Shu Guo Jing, and Sophora alkaloid, as well as traditional methods using plant ash, garlic juice, and pepper water. persistence in early prevention and treatment to control the occurrence of diseases and pests and reduce losses.
8. Harvesting: The fruits of colorful peppers planted in the open field generally begin to mature in mid-to-late August and should be harvested in a timely manner to increase economic benefits. The mature peppers can be sold in the market or strung and dried in a ventilated and dry place to make dried peppers for consumption or sale. Disease, stem base rot, and constriction can lead to death. At the beginning of the disease, spray 72.2% Proline water agent 400 times liquid or 15% Metalaxyl (Tuberculosis消除) 450 times liquid for control.
9. Prevention and control of "three drops": The leaves, flowers, and fruit drop of朝天jiu have a significant negative impact on yield and quality. According to the experiment of Yin Hongyu from the Hengshui Guxian County Shixing Pepper Professional Cooperatives, after the plants have formed buds, spray "Blue Crystal" 25 grams + "Shile Su" 30 milliliters or "Zhuang Han" 30 milliliters once every 30 days. Spray 3-4 times (alternating with bactericides YiweiKe 3000 times liquid + agricultural streptomycin 1500 times liquid) can effectively prevent "three drops" and significantly increase yield.
The above sharing of the planting time and method of朝天jiu and the full content of the sowing time and planting method of朝天jiu, hoping to help you, and at the same time, everyone is welcome to come and see more life experience and common sense!