As one of China's traditional crops, chili peppers are loved for their unique spicy flavor and rich nutritional content. To maximize the benefits of chili peppers in production, we not only need to understand their cultivation techniques but also need to gain a deep understanding of the growth habits and environmental conditions of chili peppers. Below, this article will detail the growth characteristics and environmental requirements of chili peppers from 15 aspects, helping farmers better plant and manage chili peppers.
一、生长周期长
Chili peppers, as a high-temperature crop, have a relatively long growth cycle. It usually takes about 4-5 months from sowing to maturity, with May to July being the most suitable time for sowing.
二、喜光照强度高
Chili peppers are strong photosynthetic plants and have high requirements for light intensity. During the growth process of chili peppers, it is necessary to ensure that they receive direct sunlight for no less than 6 hours per day.
三、生命力强
Chili peppers have strong adaptability and vitality and can grow in different environments. They can grow normally even in low-temperature, infertile soil, and low-humidity environments, but the yield will be affected to some extent.
四、喜温暖湿润环境
When the temperature is above 25°C and the humidity is between 60%-70%, chili peppers grow best. At the same time, chili peppers have high requirements for soil moisture, and the effect is optimal when the soil moisture is between 60%-70%.
五、喜排水良好的土壤
Chili peppers prefer to grow in well-drained, moderately fertile soils. Loamy soil is preferred, with a pH value between 6-7.
六、不耐涝和缺水
Although chili peppers have certain requirements for soil moisture, it cannot be too wet. Prolonged soaking in water will cause root suffocation and death, so chili peppers cannot tolerate waterlogging. At the same time, an overly dry environment will also affect the growth and development of chili peppers.
七、需要适量施肥
Appropriate fertilization can improve the yield and quality of chili peppers, but excessive fertilization will lead to soil acidification and chemical fertilizer residues. Generally speaking, organic fertilizer should be applied to the soil before sowing, and appropriate topdressing should be done during the growing period.
八、需要定期浇水
Regular watering is needed during the growth process of chili peppers to maintain soil moisture. However, care must be taken not to overwater, which may cause waterlogging and root suffocation.
九、注意病虫害防治
During the growth process of chili peppers, they are susceptible to various pests and diseases such as leaf spot disease, downy mildew, and whitefly. To ensure yield and quality, pest and disease control work must be strengthened.
十、要注意适时采收
Chili peppers should be harvested in time after ripening, otherwise it will affect the quality and yield. Generally speaking, after chili peppers ripen and change color, you can gently shake the branches with your hands, and the ripe chili peppers will fall off.
十一、需要留心品种选择
Different varieties of chili peppers differ in terms of growth environment and growth cycle. When planting and managing chili peppers, it is necessary to choose varieties suitable for local growing conditions.
十二、应根据当地气候进行管理
There are great differences in climate conditions in different regions, and chili peppers should be managed according to local climatic conditions. In areas with lower temperatures, greenhouse coverage can be increased while planting outdoors.
十三、需要定期修剪
Regular pruning of chili pepper branches can promote branching and increase fruit quantity, thereby increasing yield. At the same time, it also helps to eliminate pests and diseases and keep the plants healthy.
十四、要注意人工授粉
The flowers of chili peppers are small, and pollinating insects find it difficult to pollinate them. Chili peppers require artificial pollination during the growth process to improve yield and quality.
十五、
As an important economic crop, chili peppers are widely planted and used in our country. But to achieve good yields and quality, it is necessary to deeply understand the growth habits and environmental conditions of chili peppers. This article has detailed the growth characteristics and environmental requirements of chili peppers from 15 aspects, hoping it will be helpful to fellow farmers.
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