Step-by-Step Azalea Cutting Propagation
Azaleas are deeply loved by horticulture enthusiasts for their pure and fragrant white flowers. Mastering scientific cutting techniques is key to efficient propagation. This article systematically analyzes the complete process from branch handling to environmental control, combining plant growth characteristics and practical experience to help you easily cultivate high-quality azalea seedlings.
One, Core Techniques for Azalea Cutting Propagation
1.1 Standards for Selecting Quality Cuttings
Choose 2-year-old semi-woody branches, with a diameter of 0.4-0.6 cm. Cut 18 cm branches with 3 buds early in the morning, making a 45-degree diagonal cut 0.5 cm away from the lowest bud point, retaining the top 2 complete leaves for photosynthesis.
1.2 Rooting Treatment Process
Use ABT1 rooting powder to prepare a solution at a concentration of 1:1000 and soak the base 3 cm deep. Focus on the cut surface's cambium area, and after 10 minutes, remove and let it dry in the shade to form callus, which can increase the survival rate by 30%.
1.3 Scientific Matrix Formula
Mix珍珠岩 (perlite), 泥炭土 (peat soil), and 腐叶土 (decomposed leaf soil) in a ratio of 3:4:3, adjusting the pH value to the range of 5.5-6.0. Sterilize with high-temperature steam before use, and keep the matrix moisture around 60% (able to form a ball when held, but falls apart when released).
Two, Precise Cutting Practice Operations
2.1 Depth Control Techniques
Use a scoring tool to create 5 cm deep insertion holes, ensuring the lowest bud point is buried in the matrix. Maintain a spacing of 8-10 cm between branches to avoid overlapping leaves affecting ventilation. When compacting the matrix, leave 10% porosity.
2.2 Intelligent Maintenance Program
Set up a double-layer shading net (light transmission rate of 50%), maintaining a daytime temperature of 25-28°C/night temperature of 18-22°C. Use an intermittent misting system to keep the air humidity at 80% ± 5%, supplementing with 0.1% potassium dihydrogen phosphate foliar fertilizer every 3 days.
Three, Best Timing for Azalea Cutting Propagation
In the southern regions, grasp the two golden periods of the Spring Equinox (March 20 - April 5) and the White Dew (September 7 - September 22). In the north, it is recommended to do it around the Grain in Ear (June 5 - June 20). Choose consecutive sunny days to operate, avoiding the rainy season with high humidity, which can shorten the rooting period to 18-25 days.
By scientifically controlling the three key elements of branch handling, matrix ratio, and environmental regulation, combined with precise seasonal selection, it is possible to achieve an azalea cutting survival rate of over 90%. It is recommended to regularly check the root development, gradually increasing light intensity after new leaves have grown 3 true leaves, laying the foundation for subsequent transplantation.