What kind of tree stumps are used for osmanthus grafting?
As one of China's traditional top ten famous flowers, osmanthus is deeply loved by people for its fragrant aroma and auspicious meaning. Grafting, as an important method of osmanthus propagation, not only maintains the characteristics of superior varieties but also enhances stress resistance. This article will systematically explain the selection of rootstocks and operation essentials through illustration and text.
I. Selection Criteria for Osmanthus Grafting Rootstocks
1.1 Analysis of Common Rootstock Varieties
Large-leaf ligustrum as a rootstock has the advantages of fast growth and strong affinity; the flowing beard tree rootstock is especially suitable for the northern region, with its cold resistance allowing grafted plants to survive the winter safely; small-leaf ligustrum, with its well-developed root system, becomes the first choice in the Jiangnan region; the water wax tree rootstock has strong adaptability to saline-alkaline soil.
1.2 Special Rootstock Application Scenarios
When using wild osmanthus seedlings as rootstocks, the genetic genes of the scion and rootstock are highly compatible, which is especially suitable for variety improvement. This homologous grafting method can achieve a survival rate of over 95%, but attention should be paid to selecting 2-3-year-old robust wild seedlings.
II. Detailed Explanation of the Complete Osmanthus Grafting Process
2.1 Scientific Scion Treatment
Select semi-lignified shoots with a diameter of 0.5-0.8 cm, retaining 1-2 functional leaves to maintain photosynthesis. Use a disinfected knife to cut a 3-4 cm long wedge-shaped incision, the flatness of which directly affects the effectiveness of the cambium layer's connection.
2.2 Precise Rootstock Cutting
Make a T-shaped incision 15-20 cm above the ground, leaving a 0.2 cm cambium layer between the bark and the xylem. When operating, the knife should be inserted at a 30-degree angle to the rootstock, with the depth just reaching the xylem.
2.3 Key Points for Joint Maintenance
When binding, use a spiral wrapping method to ensure the scion is stable and breathable. After bagging, maintain a relative humidity of 80%-90% and a temperature of 20-25°C. Gradually remove the wrapping material when the new buds have grown to 5 cm, and apply phosphorus-potassium fertilizer to promote the formation of callus.
III. Scientific Management After Grafting
After survival, check the rootstock's sprouting every half month and promptly remove any excess buds. During the rainy season, pay attention to the prevention and control of aphids and (T-J) disease, and use biopesticides like matrine for prevention. Perform shaping pruning in the following spring to cultivate an ideal tree crown structure.
By making reasonable rootstock selections and following standardized operations, the survival rate of osmanthus grafting can be stabilized at over 85%. It is recommended for beginners to start with flowing beard tree rootstock, and once the essentials are mastered, try other rootstock types. Keep good grafting records to provide data support for subsequent maintenance.