How to Propagate梅花
As the first among traditional Chinese famous flowers, the propagation techniques of梅花 have always been a focus of horticultural enthusiasts. Mastering scientific propagation methods can not only continue the characteristics of fine varieties but also select the most suitable method according to cultivation needs. This article will systematically analyze the key points of the four major梅花propagation techniques to help you cultivate high-quality梅花 plants that bloom in the snow.
Detailed Explanation of梅花Grafting Techniques
Selection of Rootstock and Treatment of Scion
Grafting can preserve the excellent traits of the mother plant, with a survival rate of over 85% for peach and apricot rootstocks. The scion should be selected from the middle section of 1-2-year-old sunny branches with full axillary buds. The cutting should maintain the integrity of the cambium layer, and the shield-shaped bud slice should be controlled at 2×1cm in length and width.
Differences in Operations Between the North and South Regions
The north mostly adopts the bud grafting method from August to September, while the south mainly uses the abdominal grafting method from February to March. The depth of the T-shaped cut should reach the xylem just right, and the bud eye should be exposed when binding. Check the survival situation 15 days after grafting.
Guide to梅花Cutting Operations
Selection of Varieties and Preparation of Substrate
Accurate Control of Temperature and Humidity
Maintain a daytime temperature of 25°C/nighttime temperature of 18°C and an air humidity of over 80%. Use an intermittent misting system to spray water for 10 seconds every 2 hours. Applying IBA 500ppm during the rooting period can increase the survival rate by 20%.
Key Points of Layering Propagation Practice
Analysis of High Altitude Layering Techniques
Select robust branches with a diameter of 1cm from February to March, strip the bark to three times the diameter of the branch, apply ABT rooting powder, and wrap with moss. Water every 5 days after bagging, and dense roots can be seen in 35-45 days.
Post-layering Maintenance Management
After separating from the mother plant, shade the seedlings for 2 weeks. Use a transplanting substrate of peat soil and river sand (7:3 ratio), and spray the leaves with water 3 times a day for the first 3 days. After the new buds sprout, transfer to routine management.
Key Points of Seed Propagation Techniques
Key Steps in Seed Treatment
Harvest the ripe fruit in July and stratify in sand for 120 days after removing the flesh. Soak the seeds in 45°C warm water for 48 hours before sowing in spring. The spacing for sowing should be 8×10cm, and the soil coverage should be twice the diameter of the seeds.
Key Points in Seedling Cultivation
During the seedling stage, set up a shade net and keep the soil moist but without waterlogging. Apply diluted soybean cake water every month during the growing period. After 3 years, grafting can be carried out for improvement, and it will enter the full bloom period in 5-7 years.
According to actual cultivation needs, the grafting method (blooms in 3 years) is recommended for courtyard planting, the cutting method is suitable for large-scale production, and the layering method is the first choice for variety improvement. Mastering the three key elements of temperature, humidity, and light, combined with scientific care, can achieve ideal results with various propagation methods.