Can chrysanthemums only live for a year?
The chrysanthemums blooming in autumn always leave a brilliant but fleeting impression. Many flower enthusiasts mistakenly believe that the plants have died when they see the branches wither in winter. In fact, there is a unique survival wisdom hidden behind this, let's delve into the real life cycle and blooming characteristics of chrysanthemums.
The life code of perennial rhizomes
The survival strategy of withering and flourishing on the ground
Chrysanthemums survive the winter by using rhizomes. When the ground temperature is below 5℃, the plants initiate a self-protection mechanism. The stems and leaves above the ground gradually dry up, concentrating the nutrients in the underground tubers. This evolutionary feature allows chrysanthemums to withstand severe cold of -15℃, and the Beijing Botanical Garden has recorded ancient chrysanthemum plants that have survived outdoors for over 30 years.
The key elements of root care
To ensure the survival of rhizomes, it is necessary to pay attention to: 1. Retain 15cm of old stakes before frost to help nutrient回流 2. Cover the roots with 10cm of thick pine needles or decomposed leaf soil to keep warm 3. Control the watering frequency in winter, keeping the soil slightly moist.
The scientific practice of flowering period regulation
Varietal differences in natural flowering period
Most autumn chrysanthemums bloom from September to November, and the cold-resistant varieties can last until December. The summer chrysanthemum "Jin Bu Huan" blooms in May, while the "Shi Yu" series cultivated in Japan can bloom throughout the year. Research by Yunnan Agricultural University shows that the flowering period difference in different latitudes can reach 45 days.
Photoperiod control technology
Short-day treatment (daily sunlight ≤12 hours) can promote early flowering: • shading treatment needs to be sustained for 30-40 days • combined application of potassium dihydrogen phosphate to promote flowering • maintaining the temperature at 18-22℃ for the best effect.
The enlightenment of maintaining a centennial chrysanthemum plant
The Kaifeng Chrysanthemum Festival once exhibited a "Longevity Star" specimen with an age of 82 years, and its maintenance experience is worth learning: • divide and update the plants every three years to maintain root vitality • prune in time after flowering to retain basal buds • alternately use organic and mineral fertilizers • regularly replace the cultivation substrate to prevent diseases.
Through scientific management, ordinary family-grown plants of 5-8 years can still maintain vigorous flowering ability. Mastering the laws of chrysanthemum's light, water, temperature, and fertilizer needs, this seemingly "annual" autumn spirit can fully bloom for decades in the courtyard.