What are the characteristics of Parthenocissus tricuspidata?
Let's talk about the characteristics of Parthenocissus tricuspidata and the introduction of the management techniques for planting this green plant, which will definitely help you. Let's learn about it together!
Parthenocissus tricuspidata is a large, perennial, deciduous woody vine of the grape family Ampelopsis, similar in form to wild grape vines. Also known as Creeping Fig, Ground Ivy, Flying Centipede, False Grapevine, Red Silk Grass, and Stone Blood. It has lenticels on its epidermis, dense foliage in summer, and often climbs on walls or rocks, suitable for planting near house walls, fences, garden entrances, bridgehead stones, and other places. It can be used to green the walls of houses and park rocks, both beautifying the environment and lowering temperatures, regulating air humidity, and reducing noise.
Parthenocissus tricuspidata is native to China, adaptable, prefers shady and humid environments but is not afraid of strong sunlight, cold-resistant, drought-resistant, and tolerant of poor soil, with a wide range of climatic adaptability. It can maintain a semi-evergreen or evergreen state in the south of the warm temperate zone in winter. It is耐 pruned, dislikes waterlogging, and is not strict about soil requirements. It can grow vigorously in both shady and sunny environments, but grows best in shady, fertile soil. It has strong resistance to harmful gases such as sulfur dioxide and hydrogen chloride, and has the ability to adsorb dust in the air.
Parthenocissus tricuspidata is easygoing, occupies little space, grows fast, and has a large area of green coverage. A vine with a stem diameter of 2 centimeters, planted for two years, can cover an area of 30-50 square meters on the wall.
The morphology of Parthenocissus tricuspidata is similar to that of wild grape vines, with tendrils on the branches, the tips of which develop into small suction cups that secrete adhesive fluid to adhere to other objects when they come into contact with them, allowing the plant to grow forward. It can use bare walls or trees as its支架, and the name 'Creeping Fig' comes from this. Its leaves turn red after frost, making it very beautiful and a good material for vertical greening.
I. Propagation methods of Parthenocissus tricuspidata: There are seed propagation, cutting propagation, and layering propagation methods.
1. Cutting propagation method: Parthenocissus tricuspidata cuttings root easily and can grow more than 1 meter long in the same year. Both hard branches in early spring or tender branches in summer are easy to root. Cut branches 10-15 centimeters long, insert them into open ground seedbeds, water them, and keep the seedbeds moist to root quickly and survive. The survival rate of cuttings is high and widely used. Hardwood cuttings are carried out from March to April, cutting the hardwood into 10-15 centimeter sections and inserting them into the soil, watering thoroughly, and keeping the soil moist. Tender branch cuttings take new branches of the current year and are carried out in summer.
2. Layering propagation: Low layering and high layering propagation are usually used.
Layering propagation: Low layering is carried out in early spring, selecting branches close to the ground, making a 1 centimeter incision with a knife (the position of the incision should be buried in the soil when the branch is pressed into the ground), burying the incised part in the soil, pressing it with stones, keeping the branch tip upwards and preventing the branch from swaying. When it's planting season, dig the pressed soil to observe, cut the rooted branches from the side close to the mother plant, and separate them from the mother plant to become planting seedlings.
High layering method: High layering, also known as aerial layering, is done on 2-4 year old vines that are growing vigorously, removing half to two-thirds of the bark 20-30 centimeters from the base of the branch, then wrapping the wound with a mixture of fertile soil and some high-quality fertilizers such as compound fertilizer, wrapping it in a ball shape with plastic film to keep it moist. The high layering time is usually from February to March in early spring, and by August to September, white roots can be seen through the plastic film. The branches are then cut 3-5 centimeters below the pressure ball, and the cut branches must be immediately planted. Generally, high layering can take root in about 3 months.
3. Seed propagation: After harvesting the seeds, remove the skin and flesh, wash and dry them, and can be stored in wet sand at low temperature for the winter. Keeping them warm and moist is conducive to germination. In the early to mid-March of the following year, they can be sown in the open field, covered with plastic film, and seedlings can emerge in early May. They can be transplanted after 1-2 years of cultivation.
II. Cultivation and Management
Planting can use 1-2 year-old seedlings. When planting, keep a distance of more than 50 centimeters from the wall to increase the root nutrient area and protect the wall foundation. When digging planting pits, note that there are often bricks, stones, ash slag, and other construction waste in the backfill soil of buildings. Good soil must be used when digging pits, and some fertilizer soil should be added to supplement fertilizers. After planting, pay attention to guiding the branches towards walls, rockeries, or ancient trees as much as possible to make Parthenocissus tricuspidata adhere to them as soon as possible. When planting near house walls or garden walls, plant at a distance of 2 meters. If it is too sparse, the effect will be slow, and if it is too dense, it will be crowded. Parthenocissus tricuspidata can be planted on both shady and sunny sides, and is often planted in sunny areas in cold regions. It has strong resistance to chlorides and is suitable for cultivation in industrial and mining areas with serious air pollution. Seedlings can be managed roughly after one year of growth and can withstand low temperatures of -20°C in winter without the need for cold protection. Transplanting or planting is done during the leaf-fall period. Before planting, apply organic fertilizers as a base fertilizer, cut off the long stems, water thoroughly, and it is easy to survive.
The introduction of the characteristics of Parthenocissus tricuspidata and the related content of the management techniques for planting it, hope it helps you!