How to Plant Grapes in Summer
The editor introduces how to plant grapes in summer and the detailed experience of grape planting methods during the summer season, which will surely be helpful to you. Let's learn about it together!
Grape planting technology, i.e., the cultivation technology of grapes, mainly includes aspects such as pruning, soil and fertilizer management, fruit management, and pest and disease control. Below, I will introduce the summer planting technology of grapes from aspects such as planting and establishing a vineyard, soil and fertilizer management, pruning management, and pest and disease control.
I. Planting and Establishing a Vineyard
1. Seedling Selection
In summer, you can plant grape seedlings cultivated in spring, commonly using nutrient钵 seedlings, hard wood cutting seedlings, or green seedlings and hard wood grafting nutrient bag seedlings cultivated in the field. For winemaking varieties, you can choose species like 'Snake Dragon Pearl,' 'White Jade' and 'Xila,' while for fresh fruit varieties, you can choose 'Hong Shuangwei,' 'Large Grained Rose Scented' and 'Guifei Rose'.
2. Planting Method
Planting should be done during the rainy days from early June to early July. After preparing the land and applying fertilizer, plant the grape seedlings in the planting holes. After planting, in dry areas, you can use the drip irrigation method to water. After 15 days, you can apply a nutrient solution to the roots, and after 20 days, you should remove the buds and pinch the tips of the new shoots that have grown to 40 centimeters. When the new shoots have 5 or 6 leaves, it's necessary to spray chemicals to prevent diseases and pests. Generally, the plants can survive after a month of planting.
II. Soil Management
It is necessary to loosen the soil promptly after rain or watering to prevent soil compaction and improve the soil's looseness and breathability.
III. Water and Fertilizer Management
1. Water Management
In summer, it is important to ensure adequate water and fertilizer. Insufficient water and fertilizer will hinder the expansion of grape berries, while excessive water and fertilizer can cause the vines to grow excessively, which is harmful to the plants.
For most orchards, summer is the period of fruit expansion, and young fruits and new shoots require a lot of water. It is necessary to keep the soil moisture level at 75% to 80%, especially in the arid climate of northern regions after July. After entering the color change stage, water should be controlled, and no watering should be done 20 to 30 days before harvesting. For grape seedlings planted in summer, water should be controlled by mid-August to help lignify the vines.
2. Fertilizer Management
In summer, top-dress with frequent, small amounts of fertilizer. Fertilizer can be applied on the soil surface, in the soil, or on the leaves, preferably near the roots. Mainly apply organic fertilizers and use the trench method to dig a trench 50 centimeters away from the root of the plant, then fill it with a layer of fertilizer and a layer of soil, including decomposed organic fertilizer, superphosphate, and urea.
For grape seedlings planted in summer, nitrogen fertilizer should be restricted in August, mainly applying phosphorus and potassium fertilizers in the form of foliar application, such as spraying 0.2% to 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution.
IV. Pruning Management
1. Pinching and Top Removal
Summer pruning mainly involves removing lateral shoots and pinching the tops. For new shoots with fruit clusters, it is appropriate to pinch the tops, removing or cutting the lateral shoots at the top of the vines.
2. Pruning Branches and Leaves
When pruning in summer, remove non-fruiting branches, dense branches, and weak branches. It is necessary to prune withered leaves and remove tendrils during the grape coloring stage.
V. Pest and Disease Control
1. Common Pests and Diseases
Summer, with high temperatures and heavy rainfall, is prone to pests and diseases. In various grape-growing regions in China, common pests and diseases include downy mildew, powdery mildew, and缺节瘿螨, as well as diseases like gray mold, anthracnose, and yellow leaf disease, and pests like the two-star leafhopper.
2. Control Measures
In summer, it is necessary to take preventive measures against pests and diseases. Check the trees in the orchard every day. If pests or diseases are found, spray chemicals promptly. Common disease control agents include 'Kobo,' 'Carbendazim,' and 'Ebao,' while common insecticides include 'Chlorpyrifos' and 'Imidacloprid.'
For example, downy mildew can harm grape leaves, young fruits, and new shoots. In the preventive stage, you can spray 78% Kobo 600 to 800 times solution every 2 to 3 weeks, focusing on the back of the leaves. For treatment, you can use 80% Pristine 600 times solution.
VI. Layering Propagation
In summer, on dry plateaus and in mountainous areas, you can use the layering method to propagate grape seedlings. In July and August, select healthy, robust, lignified new branches from the upper part of the current year's plants, cut off the top buds, lateral shoots, and tendrils, then remove 2 leaves from the 7th or 8th leaf, perform a ring girdle, and then cover the entire branch with a plastic bag from the top, tie the bottom tightly, fill in new soil, keep the soil moist, and when new roots appear outside the plastic bag, you can cut the branch and plant it.
The detailed explanation of how to plant grapes in summer and the detailed methods for summer grape planting provided above hope to bring you help in green plant management!