Native Tree Species
In today's accelerating urbanization, native tree species have become an important choice for building a sustainable ecological environment due to their unique ecological adaptability and landscape value. These plants, rooted in the local land, have developed growth characteristics in harmony with the environment through long-term evolution, playing an irreplaceable role in maintaining biodiversity and improving the living environment.
Tree Species with Excellent Ecological and Economic Value
Drought-resistant Pioneer Cypress
As a representative of evergreen trees, cypress is known for its extremely strong adaptability. Its roots can penetrate 5-7 meters into the ground to absorb water, and the wax layer on the leaf surface effectively reduces transpiration, allowing it to survive in areas with an average annual precipitation of 300mm. The ancient cypress forest in Beijing's Temple of Heaven has been vibrant for six hundred years, testifying to its outstanding stress resistance.
Multipurpose Toona sinensis
The Toona sinensis, belonging to the Meliaceae family, has both edible and ornamental functions. The tender buds that sprout every spring are rich in vitamin C, E, and calcium, with the annual output of toona sprouts in Yimeng Mountain, Shandong reaching tens of thousands of tons. As a fast-growing species, its annual growth can reach 2-3 meters, showing excellent sand-fixing capabilities in the coastal shelter forest construction in Yancheng, Jiangsu.
Main Force for Creating Unique Landscapes
Colorful Leaf Celebrity Maple
The maple trees of the Aceraceae family are known for their seasonal changes. The maple forest in Qixia Mountain, Nanjing attracts millions of tourists every autumn. The anthocyanin content in the leaves increases with the day-night temperature difference, presenting the best red effect under a 10-15℃ temperature difference, making it the first choice for landscape construction in northern regions.
Desert Guardian Poplar
The poplar of the Salicaceae family has developed a unique survival strategy: the young leaves are shaped like willow leaves to reduce transpiration, while the mature leaves turn into oval shapes to increase the photosynthetic area. There are 2.5 million mu of natural poplar forests in Ejina Banner, Inner Mongolia, with roots that can extend 10 meters into the ground to absorb water, forming an ecological barrier in the desert.
Model for Conservation of Ancient and Famous Trees
Living Fossil Ginkgo
The ginkgo, a relic plant from the glacial period, has over 500 ancient trees still in existence. The ginkgo flavonoids in its leaves have significant antioxidant properties, with the ancient ginkgo group in Badu, Changxing, Zhejiang generating an ecological economic benefit of over 100 million yuan annually. Its special double fertilization mechanism allows its seed germination rate to reach over 85%.
In the construction of eco-cities, rational allocation of native tree species can reduce maintenance costs by more than 30%. In the future, it is necessary to strengthen the protection of germplasm resources, and through scientific breeding, promote the application of excellent native tree species such as Hongshen acacia and Sapium sebiferum, to build a stable and sustainable plant community system.