Cultivation Methods and Precautions for Chinese Roses
Chinese roses,被誉为「Queen of Flowers, are loved by horticulture enthusiasts for their colorful blooms and the ability to flower throughout the four seasons. However, many rose lovers often encounter problems such as plant overgrowth and sparse blooming, which actually hinges on mastering scientific cultivation methods. This article will systematically analyze the cultivation secrets of Chinese roses, from light management to pest and disease control.
Light Management
Full Sunlight Requirement
Chinese roses require 5 hours of direct sunlight daily to bloom normally, with a sunny courtyard or a south-facing balcony being the ideal planting location. Experimental data shows that for every 1000lux increase in light intensity, the rate of flower bud differentiation increases by 15%.
Shading Techniques for Summer
When the temperature consistently exceeds 35°C, it is recommended to use a sunshade net with a 40% shading rate, especially avoiding the strong UV radiation period from 11:00 to 15:00. Too much shade can lead to the internodes elongating, forming a "bean sprout" plant shape.
Water and Fertilizer Control
Intelligent Watering System
Using the "finger joint detection method": insert the index finger into the soil up to the second joint, and water if it feels dry. Maintain a watering frequency of 3 times/week in spring and autumn, increase to morning and evening each time in summer, and control water to once every 7-10 days in winter.
Precise Fertilization Plan
In March, during the germination period, apply a balanced fertilizer (10-10-10); in May, during the bud formation period, switch to a high-phosphorus fertilizer (5-10-5); in September, top-dress with bone meal to promote lignification. In winter, bury fish intestine fertilizer 20cm away from the rootstock to avoid root burn.
Substrate Optimization
The ideal substrate should include: humus soil (40%), perlite (20%), coconut bran (15%), vermiculite (15%), and rice husk carbon (10%). Supplement with EM bacteria-fermented banana peel organic fertilizer every quarter, maintaining a pH value between 6.0-6.8.
Shaping and Pruning
Flowering Pruning Norms
Immediately remove the withered flowers after they bloom, leaving the full buds that grow outward. Keep 4-5 buds on strong branches and 2-3 on weak ones, and cut at a 45-degree angle to prevent water accumulation and rot.
Winter Shaping Tips
After defoliation, implement severe pruning, leaving the main stem at a height of 30-40cm. Use the "three forks and nine tops" pruning method to form an umbrella-like structure, ensuring ventilation and light the following year.
By following the above systematic cultivation, the annual flowering amount of Chinese roses can be increased by 2-3 times. It is recommended to wipe the leaves with diluted beer monthly, which can not only remove dust but also supplement amino acids. Remember, observation is more important than blind operation; adjust the cultivation strategy flexibly according to the actual condition of the plant.