Differences Between Catharanthus and Impatiens Flowers
In home gardening, Catharanthus and Impatiens flowers are often confused due to their similar ornamental qualities. Although both plants produce bright flowers, there are significant differences in their plant classification and growth habits. Comparative analysis of leaf shape, flower structure, and toxicity characteristics can help gardening enthusiasts manage their cultivation more scientifically.
Plant Family and Growth Cycle
Catharanthus Characteristics
As a sub-shrub belonging to the Apocynaceae family, Catharanthus roseus has a perennial nature. Its alias "Four Seasons Spring" or "Daily New" comes from its characteristic of blooming throughout the year, but special attention should be paid as the entire plant contains toxic substances like catharanthine, and any contact with the sap should be promptly washed off.
Impatiens Growth Patterns
Impatiens balsamina belongs to the Balsaminaceae family and is an annual herb that completes its full life cycle from seeding to withering. Its petals contain natural pigments, and when the leaves and petals are crushed, they can be used to dye nails, hence the name "Nail polish flower."
Morphological Characteristics Comparison
Difference in Leaf Shape
Differences Between Catharanthus and Impatiens Flowers
Catharanthus leaves are obovate-elliptical, with an average size of 3-4×1.5-2.5 cm, and have a distinct leathery texture. Impatiens leaves can reach 4-12×1.5-3 cm, with sharper serrated edges.
Difference in Flower Structure
Catharanthus has single-petal, high-footed saucer-shaped flowers with distinct petal spacing, commonly in red, pink, and white. Impatiens, in addition to single-petal varieties, also have double-petal ones, with petals layered and compact, and flower colors include purple and other gradient variations.
Cultivation Management Tips
Light and Temperature Requirements
Catharanthus is heat-tolerant and prefers full sunlight, requiring temperatures above 10℃ in winter to overwinter. Impatiens are suitable for semi-shaded environments and need shade protection at temperatures above 30℃, with weaker cold resistance.
Difference in Propagation Methods
Catharanthus is mainly propagated by cutting, with tender branches easily taking root in spring and summer. Impatiens primarily use seed propagation, with the characteristic that mature seed pods burst open naturally, which requires attention to the timing of harvest.
Through systematic comparison, it can be seen that there are essential differences between the two plants in terms of toxicity, flowering duration, and cold resistance. Catharanthus is suitable for creating perennial flower borders, while Impatiens are more suitable for seasonal ornamental plant cultivation. Understanding these differences helps in planning planting schemes rationally and fully utilizing their ornamental value.