How to grow sunflowers
As followers of the sun, sunflowers are deeply loved for their brilliant flower heads and upright posture. But to make this golden glow bloom more durably and captivating, it is necessary to master scientific cultivation methods. This article will systematically analyze the complete knowledge system of sunflower cultivation, from growing environment to breeding techniques.
Essential Elements of Sunflower Care
Soil Configuration and Improvement Plan
Sunflowers have a well-developed root system, and the ideal soil should meet both drainage and fertility requirements. It is recommended to use a 3:2 ratio of sandy loam and leaf mold, with 5kg of decomposed sheep manure mixed in per square meter as a base fertilizer. When planting in pots, a 3cm thick layer of ceramsite should be placed at the bottom of the container to prevent waterlogging.
Light Control Strategy
6-8 hours of direct sunlight per day is ideal, especially during the flower head development stage: when the bud diameter reaches 5cm, continuous cloudy and rainy conditions for more than 3 days require artificial lighting. For potted plants, it is recommended to set a rotating tray, turning 90° every 3 days to ensure even light exposure.
Temperature Management Points
Maintain a day/night temperature difference system of 22-28℃/12-18℃ during the growing period. When the temperature exceeds 35℃, a sunshade net should be set up during the afternoon; when the temperature is below 10℃, it is recommended to move the plants indoors or build a greenhouse. Note that the day-night temperature difference should be maintained at 8-10℃ to prevent stem elongation.
Smart Irrigation System
Keep the soil moisture at 60% during the seedling stage and increase it to 75% during the budding stage. It is recommended to use a drip irrigation system, with two waterings (500ml/plant each time) in the morning and evening in summer, and one watering per day in spring and autumn. In high temperatures, combine with foliar spraying, but avoid the noon period.
Details of Sunflower Propagation Techniques
Choose to sow in late March to mid-April in spring, soak the seeds in warm water (45℃) for 6 hours before sowing. The sowing depth should be 2-3cm, with a spacing of 50cm×30cm. Thin the seedlings 10 days after emergence, keeping the healthy seedlings with uniform height and thick leaves.
Through systematic environmental control and precise management, sunflowers can not only stand gracefully in the courtyard but also become a bright landscape for balcony planting. Mastering these technical points, you will harvest not only a golden sea of flowers but also the gardening wisdom of conversing with nature.