Old Age Management Methods for Roses
A comprehensive introduction to the experience of rose cultivation, including the management methods for aging roses, and the specific contents are as follows:
The aging phenomenon of roses is often manifested by weak and flowering-poor branches, dry branches after pruning, thin and pale leaves and petals, yellowing and falling leaves, weak resistance to diseases and pests, etc. The causes should be identified from aspects such as watering, fertilizing, pruning, and maintenance, and targeted prevention and treatment should be carried out.
I. Waterlogging: It shows as yellowing and falling leaves, dried branches, and partial root rot with a wine糟 smell. For severely affected plants or where waterlogging is difficult to eliminate, the plants should be pruned and lifted to a higher position before replanting. For lightly affected plants, soil can be piled at the base of the plant to stimulate the formation of adventitious roots at the root neck, thus achieving a mitigating effect.
II. Diseases and Pests: Fungal diseases such as leaf spot and powdery mildew cause many leaves to fall, affecting the formation of flower surfaces, and severe cases can lead to death due to the inability of leaves to perform photosynthesis. The pathogen begins to infect from the end of the month and reaches its peak during the high temperature and dry season of the month. From the end of the month, spray lime sulfur solution weekly until the end of the month. If there are severe signs of outbreak, spray a 40% ferbam wettable powder 500 times solution weekly for 3 consecutive weeks, which can effectively prevent and treat. If there is more rain, the frequency of spraying should be increased accordingly. The most serious pest damage is caused by the borers, such as the longicorn beetle. From the middle to the end of the month, pruning the branches affected by the longicorn beetle larvae is one of the key methods to control the beetle. If this step is missed, the larvae boring into the main stem will make control more difficult. Inspect the tree body around the autumnal equinox and Qingming, inject 80% dichlorvos emulsion into the pest holes, then seal the holes with mud, which can kill the longicorn beetle larvae. Other leaf-eating pests should be controlled by spraying with a dilute phosphamidon solution to kill eggs and larvae.
III. Fertilization: Yellowing leaves, few flowers, small flowers, and weak branches are signs of nutrient deficiency. Supplement the missing elements with fertilizers, and also apply other element fertilizers to improve the utilization rate of the element. For severe deficiencies of certain elements, or when the root system is damaged, or when trace elements are needed, foliar fertilization should be done, keeping the concentration at 3% suitable. Fertilization should be done in the evening, spraying on the back of the leaves. To improve fertilizer utilization, plant growth regulators can be added to speed up the recovery of the plant. For weak plants, apply a small amount of fertilizer frequently, avoiding fertilizer damage. Normally, roses require a lot of fertilizer due to their many flowers.
Base fertilizer should be applied after winter pruning and before germination. Apply sufficient organic fertilizer within the crown diameter, at a depth of 20 to 30 centimeters. Multiple topdressings should be applied during the growing season, especially during the leaf expansion period, after full bloom, and in early August, using quick-release nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers. When leaves expand, new roots develop extensively, and fertilization should be light and not concentrated to avoid affecting new root growth. Topdressing in late August should have less nitrogen and more phosphorus and potassium fertilizers to avoid excessive growth of autumn branches and frost damage. Topdress based on the size and growth condition of the plant, generally 100 to 150 grams per plant each time.
IV. Pruning: Pruning is divided into growing season pruning and winter pruning. In the growing season, pruning involves removing spent flower stems and dead branches immediately after flowering and removing suckers from the base of grafted plants. In the 20 days after the previous batch of flowers fade, cut the current year's flowering branches to 8 to 12 buds to obtain high-quality flowering branches. Winter pruning is done to promote the full return of nutrient to the branches and leaves, preferably 3 to 4 weeks after frost. The general principle of pruning is to remove diseased and weak branches, thin out parallel branches, dense branches, and inward branches, remove straight branches and retain oblique ones, prune stronger branches on weak trees, and lighter pruning on strong branches. Specific pruning methods should also be considered based on the variety and shape. For丛植 cultivation, roses should have a colorful result, with tall stems and many flowers but not necessarily large flowers, pruning height of 100 to 120 centimeters, with 15 to 20 pairs of strong buds per branch. For variety cultivation, shorter stems with large flowers are preferred, so pruning should be low. Each plant should retain 3 to 5 main branches, each 30 to 45 centimeters long, with 6 to 8 buds.
For climbing roses, those that bloom only once a year should have the flowering branches pruned after flowering, leaving the unblooming branches and stimulating the base to produce new branches for the next year's flowering. For those that bloom multiple times a year, the top of the short flowering branches should be pruned after flowering, leaving the base buds to promote new lateral branches for flowering. For single-season bloomers, maintain 7 branches, determining the number of lateral branches based on space size, leaving 3 to 4 buds for flowering. For pergola and trellis cultivation, to achieve a full and dense result, more main vines should be retained, and the pruning techniques mentioned above should be applied to the first and second lateral branches, which can achieve abundant flowers and branches. For shrub roses in hedges, the pruning method should ensure a uniform appearance, dense branches and leaves, abundant flowers, and bright colors, without damage. By mastering the above technical points, you can basically make the rose branches strong, leaves abundant, and flowers flourishing.
The above sharing on the management methods for aging roses hopes to bring a little help to your life!