Chinese name: Daidai
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Daidai: Original name: Daidai, aliases: Daidai flower, Daidai, Daidai fruit, etc.; Family and Genus: Rutaceae, Citrus; Daidai is an evergreen small tree, a variety of citron, with a height of up to 5 meters when planted in the ground. The trunk bark is gray with longitudinal lines, the young branches are flat with ridges, dark green, and have short hard spines. The leaves are elliptical, with a relatively long winged petiole that resembles a small leaf, both the leaf blade and the winged petiole are leathery, with a glossy surface and translucent nodules. The raceme is axillary, the calyx is green, the petals are creamy white, with a strong fragrance, and the flowering period is from May to June. The fruit is large, about 6 to 8 centimeters in diameter, round to oblate, with tuberous protuberances on the surface, thick and rough skin, initially deep green, turning yellow in autumn, the fruit does not fall off when ripe, and turns back to green in the following spring and summer. With good maintenance, the old fruit can persist until the third or fourth year, while new fruit is produced annually, with several generations of fruit on the same plant, hence the name Daidai, symbolizing auspiciousness and happiness.
Daidai is originally from the southern provinces of China, with Zhejiang having the most. It is mainly cultivated as a potted plant for ornamental purposes in horticulture, and it is cultivated in various parts of the north and south. It prefers a mild and humid climate with gentle and abundant sunlight. It is afraid of severe cold and dry winds in winter and intense heat and sunlight in summer. It has a certain degree of cold resistance and can overwinter in the open in the Yangtze River Valley, but needs protection in cold years. In the north, it is grown as a potted plant and requires a sandy acidic soil rich in humus, loose and fertile, with good drainage. It can be prepared with coarse sand, peat soil, pine needle soil, decomposed leaf soil, carbonized rice hulls, etc. It can also grow well in neutral soil.
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