How to plant长春 flowers
Share with everyone how to plant长春 flowers and the planting methods and precautions of Changchun flowers, as well as some knowledge about flowers and plants. Let's take a look together.
Changchun flowers are perennial herbaceous plants of the Apocynaceae family, also known as goldenseal, four-seasons spring, swan head red, 30,000 flowers, day-day spring, day-day new, spring flowers, four-seasons spring, five-petal plum, swan coming red, etc. They are used for potted plants and planting slots for ornamental purposes. Changchun flowers are also commonly used as Chinese herbs, with the whole plant being used for analgesic, anti-inflammatory, sleep-inducing, laxative, and diuretic effects.
Changchun flowers are native to the Mediterranean coast, India, and tropical America. They prefer high temperatures, high humidity, and can tolerate semi-shade but not severe cold. The most suitable temperature range is 20°C-33°C. They love sunlight, dislike moisture and flooding, and can be cultivated in most soils, but not in saline-alkali soils. Well-drained, ventilated sandy or humus-rich soils are best, with flowering and fruiting occurring almost all year round. Mainly cultivated in areas south of the Yangtze River, with Hainan, Guangdong, Guangxi, and Yunnan provinces (autonomous regions) being more common. Various cities and provinces in China have introduced many new varieties of Changchun flowers from around the world for potted and planting slot ornamental purposes. In Hainan, Changchun flowers bloom almost all year round, with relatively simple cultivation and management, making them deeply loved by flower enthusiasts.
I. Propagation methods of Changchun flowers: There are two propagation methods for Changchun flowers: seeding and cutting propagation.
1. Cutting propagation: Cuttings are usually done from April to July, selecting healthy, disease-free young branches from the plant as cuttings. Cut them into 8-10 cm sections, and use a mixture of sand, vermiculite, and peat as the cutting medium. Wrap a small mud ball around the base of the cutting and insert it into a cold frame. Maintain a room temperature of 20-24°C, and after about 20 days, the cuttings will root. Once the cuttings have rooted and survived, they can be transplanted into pots. Since the seedlings from cuttings are not as vigorous as those from seeds, this method is rarely used in cultivation. To improve the rooting rate of cuttings, plant growth hormones can be used to treat the cuttings, which has a significant effect on root promotion. Common growth hormones include indole butyric acid, indole acetic acid, naphthylacetic acid, 2,4-D, and root powder, all of which have a good effect on root promotion.
2. Seeding propagation: The fruit of Changchun flowers matures at different times depending on when they bloom, and the skin easily cracks open when the fruit turns black, causing seed loss. Therefore, seeds must be harvested in a timely manner. When the fruit skin turns yellow and the black seeds inside can be faintly seen, it's time to harvest. Usually sown in March to May, a mixture of peat soil or humus soil (75%) and sand (25%) is commonly used as the seedbed. Sufficient base fertilizer should be applied in the seedbed, and the common sowing methods include drilling, furrow broadcasting, or bed broadcasting. After sowing, cover the soil so that the seeds are not visible, and use straw or plastic film to cover and keep the bed moist. Usually, the seeds can germinate in 7-10 days. Once about 10% of the seedlings have emerged, the covering material should be removed in a timely manner, and thinning should be done by removing weak, leggy, and mixed seedlings. Maintain good air circulation and sufficient sunlight to allow the Changchun flower seedlings to grow quickly.
II. Cultivation
The best way to plant Changchun flowers is to plant them directly in the ground. Usually transplanted in spring, the characteristic of planting Changchun flowers is that once planted, they do not need to be tilled again in the same year. Therefore, it is necessary to deeply till the soil before transplanting to promote root development. Apply sufficient base fertilizer, about 2.5 kg of organic fertilizer per square meter, along with a moderate amount of human manure and phosphate fertilizer, applied to the planting trench. Transplant in spring, with one plant per hole. If using pots, there are limitations to planting Changchun flowers in pots, as a pot is a special small environment. Regardless of which type of soil is used alone, it cannot meet the needs of potted flowers for soil in all aspects. Therefore, artificial soil preparation is necessary for potted Changchun flowers to replace the soil and fix the flowers in the pot, with certain water retention and drainage properties, loose, fertile, well-drained, and well-ventilated soil rich in humus and not too alkaline.
The culture soil for cultivating onions is generally made up of 60% garden soil, 20% yellow sand, and 20% decomposed leaf soil or household waste. When potting, apply a small amount of decomposed farm manure as a base fertilizer at the bottom of the pot. Then, transplant the young seedlings into the pot, first placing broken tiles at the bottom of the pot, followed by some matured cake fertilizer, bones, fish bones, etc. as base fertilizer, then filling in the culture soil. Place the Changchun flower plant in the center of the pot, with about 3-5 seedlings per pot, ensuring the roots are spread out. Fill the soil to half the height of the pot, then gently lift and shake the Changchun flower plant to compact the soil. Do not plant too deep; keeping the rootstock level with the pot opening is fine. Planting too shallow can affect survival, and planting too deep can affect the growth of Changchun flowers after transplanting. After planting, water thoroughly. After planting, keep the plants in a shaded environment for about a week, then move them to a sunny place for care after the roots have recovered.
III. Management: Changchun flowers grow and propagate quickly, with relatively rough management. They have fewer occurrences of diseases and pests. They are susceptible to dryness and flooding and do not require high water and fertilizer. During the growing period, follow the principle of "watering when dry" and avoid waterlogging. After September, reduce the frequency of watering, and in winter, keep the soil slightly dry. Apply a thin layer of decomposed cake fertilizer every 20 days during the growing season, and Changchun flowers will grow vigorously and bloom abundantly. Apply sufficient base fertilizer before planting and frequently apply fast-acting fertilizer to promote abundant flowering.
Potted Changchun flowers should be placed in a location with plenty of sunlight and strengthened fertilization and watering. Long periods of shading and lack of water and fertilizer can easily lead to non-flowering. In addition to normal fertilization and watering, the key point to grasp is pinching, which aims to promote branching and control flowering. Pinching usually starts when there are 4-6 true leaves, and the second pinching is done 15-20 days after the first, when the new shoots have 4-6 leaves. The last pinching of Changchun flowers directly affects the flowering period, with the last pinching in autumn (for National Day flowers) 25 days before the initial flowering period, and 3-5 days earlier in summer than in autumn.
The above sharing provides a comprehensive introduction to how to plant Changchun flowers and their planting methods and precautions, hoping to bring some knowledge about green plants to greenery enthusiasts.