How to maintain iris flowers
As one of the three treasures of the courtyard, iris flower is favored by gardening enthusiasts for its elegant butterfly-shaped petals and rich colors. However, many novices often encounter problems such as yellowing of leaves and sparse flowering during the maintenance process. This paper will systematically analyze the key points of full-cycle cultivation of iris flowers from soil ratio to reproduction skills. Guidelines for Scientific Conservation of Iris Flowers Soil Substrate Allocation Principles Iris roots are extremely sensitive to pH values and need to be equipped with a weakly alkaline substrate with pH 7.0 -7.5. It is recommended to mix garden soil: humus soil: coarse sand =5:3:2, and add 200g of bone meal per cubic meter to increase the calcium content. Before planting, use quicklime to adjust the pH and alkali value to keep the soil porosity above 35%. The water and fertilizer control technology adopts the "see dry and wet" irrigation method. The soil water content is maintained at 30% during spring germination and increased to 45% during flowering. Phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer (N-P-K=10-20-20) is applied every month, and decomposed cake fertilizer is top-applied in late September to enhance cold resistance. Pay special attention to avoid excessive nitrogen fertilizer causing leaf spot disease. Light and temperature management Plant flowering increases by 40% in full sunshine environment, and 30% of the strong light needs to be blocked in summer. Maintaining the temperature difference between day and night at 8-12℃ can prolong the flowering period, and the overwintering temperature should not be lower than-15℃. In northern regions, it is recommended to cover pine needles with a thickness of 10cm for insulation. The pest and disease control system establishes a preventive spraying calendar: mancozeb is used to control soft rot in March, and imidacloprid and matrine are used alternately to control aphids in May. When rust is discovered, the infected leaves are cut off immediately, and the roots are irrigated with 1500 times 25% triadimefone emulsifiable concentrate. Efficient reproduction method of iris flowers: Operation specifications for rate-breeding. Select a three-year-old healthy mother plant and conduct rate-splitting from late September to early October. Keep 2-3 bud spots per clump, dip the incision in plant ash, and dry for 2 hours. The planting depth is controlled to be 3-5cm from the rhizome to the ground surface, and the plant spacing is kept above 30cm. Technical points for seed reproduction are harvested and stored in the sand for 60 days after harvesting mature seed pods, and sown in March of the following year. Plug seedlings are adopted, the substrate temperature is maintained at 18-22℃, and the light is gradually increased after 15-20 days of seedling emergence. It takes 2-3 years to cultivate seedlings before they can blossom.
Through scientific maintenance management and standardized breeding operations, Iris can add 5-8 new clusters of ramets every year. Mastering the maintenance rhythm of fertilization in autumn and flower promotion in spring, and cooperating with regular soil testing, you can create an iris garden that continues to bloom. It is recommended to establish a maintenance log to record data on each fertilization and medication use, and gradually optimize the management plan.