What kind of soil is suitable for planting Pinellia ternata
The web introduces the suitable soil for planting Pinellia ternata and the experience of green plant maintenance in terms of Pinellia ternata cultivation techniques and methods. Corrections are welcome if there are any mistakes!
Pinellia ternata, also known as Sanbu Jiao, Ma Yu Guo, etc., belongs to the Pinellia genus of the Araceae family and is a medicinal plant. Wild Pinellia ternata mostly grows in the edges of fields, in the soil, on grassy slopes, in wasteland, and under sparse forests. Due to the long-term excessive use of chemical fertilizers and herbicides in agricultural fields, wild Pinellia ternata has gradually decreased, and it has to rely on artificial cultivation to meet the needs of Chinese medicinal materials. Pinellia ternata prefers warm and humid climates, is cold-resistant, shade-tolerant, and not drought-tolerant. It can be planted in forest gaps or orchards and can also be intercropped with corn. It is suitable to cultivate in loose, fertile sandy loam soil.
Land preparation and fertilization
1. Selection of planting site: Pinellia ternata prefers shady and humid conditions, so the planting site should be chosen in a semi-shady and semi-sunny environment with loose and fertile soil.
2. Apply sufficient base fertilizer: Apply 3000 kg of decomposed manure, 15 kg of cake fertilizer, and 50 kg of superphosphate per mu as base fertilizer, deeply plow and finely rake, and make ridges 120 cm wide and 30 cm high.
Propagation methods
1. Corm propagation: In August to September when digging Pinellia ternata, take the small corms with a diameter of 1.5-2 cm and this year's growth with mud, mix them with moist sand and store them in a cool and shaded place as propagation material. The planting period is best in winter and spring, and autumn planting yields low. Before planting, select corms without diseases and pests, intact and unharmed, grade them by size, plant them separately, with a row spacing of 15-18 cm and a plant spacing of 6-8 cm. Dig holes about 4-5 cm deep, plant 2-3 corms per hole, cover with 3-4 cm of soil, and plant at a depth of 10 cm. About 100 kg of corms are needed per mu.
2. Bulbil propagation: Each stem and leaf of Pinellia ternata produces a bulbil, which is abundant in quantity, has a high germination rate, matures early, and is a relatively fast method for developing Pinellia ternata production. In summer and autumn, when the old leaves are about to wither, the bulbils under the petioles of the Pinellia ternata plants have matured and can be harvested for planting. The row spacing is 10-15 cm, the plant spacing is 6-10 cm, dig holes about 4-5 cm deep, plant 2-3 corms per hole, and cover with about 2 cm of soil.
3. Seed propagation: Pinellia ternata that is three years old or older can bloom and bear fruit continuously from early summer to autumn. The fruits of Pinellia ternata usually mature in mid-to-late June. When the spathe withers and falls, the seeds can be harvested and stored in wet sand. In the following year, from late March to early April, choose a warm south-facing area, prepare the land and make ridges, open shallow trenches 10-12 cm apart, evenly broadcast the seeds, cover with soil, keep the soil moist after sowing to facilitate seed germination. Seedlings will emerge 20-24 days after sowing and can be transplanted when they are 6-10 cm tall.
Field management
1. Watering: Pinellia ternata prefers moisture but害怕积水. Therefore, after planting, it is important to keep the soil moist throughout the growth process. If it encounters dry weather, watering should be done in time. After rain, accumulated water should be drained in time to prevent the corms from rotting.
2. Fertilization: Pinellia ternata likes fertilizer. The first fertilization is in early June when the bulbils appear under the petioles. Apply 500-1000 kg of decomposed human waste or 10 kg of urea between rows, and combine with loosening the soil to bury the urea in the soil. When the bulbils mature and fall to the ground, cover the bulbils with soil between the rows to allow them to grow into Pinellia ternata. The second fertilization is in July when the second bulbils appear, following the above top dressing and earthing-up. During the growing period, frequently loosen the soil and remove weeds, starting shallowly and gradually deepening.
3. Loosening soil and weeding: To ensure that Pinellia ternata has appropriate sunlight during its growing period, it is necessary to frequently loosen the soil and remove weeds, doing so early, small, and thoroughly.
4. Picking flowers: If Pinellia ternata is not left for seed, the flower stems should be removed to increase the weight of the corms and increase yield.
What kind of soil is suitable for planting Pinellia ternata
Harvesting
1. Harvesting time: Pinellia ternata propagated by seeds needs to be planted for 3-4 years before harvesting, while corm and bulbil propagation can be harvested after 1-2 years, usually in October to November.
2. Processing: After digging Pinellia ternata, remove the fibrous roots, wash with clean water, and remove the outer rough skin. The peeling method is to place the Pinellia ternata in a bamboo basket (not full), immerse it in a river or pond, tie a stick with稻草 or corn cob and insert it into the bamboo basket, stir and rub up and down, and push it into the water at any time to remove the peeled skin until the outer skin is completely removed and the white color is revealed. When washing, be careful not to let hands and feet come into contact with the water, as the water contains Pinellia ternata components, which can cause allergies and make hands and feet itchy.
3. Drying: After peeling, dry in the sun or in an oven. Use high heat first to make Pinellia ternata emit dewdrops, and then wipe dry with coarse cloth, frequently turn over, and then dry with low heat. Generally, 100 kg of fresh Pinellia ternata can produce 25 kg of dried product.
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