How to raise spring orchids in autumn
As autumn becomes stronger, spring orchids enter a critical period of growth. As a traditional and famous flower in China, the maintenance of spring orchids in autumn directly affects the quality of flowering in the coming year. Mastering scientific management methods can not only prevent pests and diseases, but also promote the accumulation of nutrients in plants. This paper will systematically analyze the core points of autumn maintenance from environmental control, reproduction and cultivation to disease prevention. Soil and substrate management for basic maintenance of spring orchids in autumn recommends using humus soil mixed with pine bark (1:1) to prepare the substrate, and adding 10% perlite to enhance air permeability. Keep 1/3 of the core soil when changing pots every two years, and the new soil needs to be disinfected at high temperature. In autumn, bone meal can be added to supplement phosphorus and potassium to improve cold resistance. Light temperature control plan Keep scattered light for 4 hours a day from September to October, and use a sunshade net to filter strong light at noon. It is better to control the temperature difference between day and night at 8-12℃. When the temperature at night is lower than 15℃, it needs to be moved indoors. A thermohygrometer can be installed for real-time monitoring to maintain the air humidity at 60-70%. Scientific water and fertilizer management adopts the "three-period watering method": spraying leaf surfaces in the morning, watering the substrate in the evening, and only atomizing and humidifying at noon. In autumn, potassium dihydrogen phosphate (1:1500) was used for topdressing, which was sprayed on the leaves every 10 days, and the roots were irrigated with water once a month with decomposed bean cakes. Spring orchid autumn reproduction technology rationing operation specifications Select mature plants more than 4 years old, and control water for 7 days before rationing to soften the roots. Disinfect the knife with alcohol, separate it along the natural gaps of the false bulbs, and retain 3 seedlings and 2 buds per clump. Apply charcoal powder to the incision and dry it in the shade for 24 hours. Fertilization is prohibited within half a month after planting. The key points of sowing and seedling raising select plump seeds and soak them in 0.1% potassium permanganate for 20 minutes. Use the water moss sowing method and maintain a constant temperature environment of 25℃. Build a miniature greenhouse, ventilate it twice a day, and use LED plant fill light to ensure 12 hours of light a day. The disease identification and diagnosis (T-J) disease of the autumn disease control system is characterized by concentric ring patterns, which mostly spread downward from the leaf tip. Soft rot is manifested as water-stained brown spots accompanied by rancid smell. If diseased leaves are found, they should be isolated immediately, sprayed with 50% carbendazim 800 times solution, and treated 3 times continuously at an interval of 5 days. Comprehensive pest control focuses on controlling scale insects in autumn. After manually removing them with toothpicks, they can be sprayed with 1000 times of 40% omethoate. Regularly sprinkle diatomite on the surface of the basin soil to form a physical protective layer. Set up yellow sticky insect boards to monitor small pests such as thrips.
Through scientific soil allocation, precise light control and systematic prevention and control, spring orchids can accumulate sufficient nutrients in autumn. It is recommended to conduct leaf microscopic examination every month and establish a maintenance log to record changes in temperature and humidity. Combined with autumn ramet breeding, germplasm resources can be optimized and laid a solid foundation for spring bloom.