How to plant and grow Pinellia ternata
Talking about the planting time and techniques of Pinellia ternata and related topics on the cultivation and maintenance skills of Pinellia ternata. Next, the editor will provide you with detailed answers.
Pinellia ternata, also known as Sanbu Tiao, Ma Yu Guo, etc., belongs to the genus Pinellia in the family Araceae and is a medicinal plant. Wild Pinellia ternata usually grows in the fields, in the soil, on grass slopes, in wastelands, and under sparse forests. Due to the long-term use of chemical fertilizers and herbicides in agriculture, wild Pinellia ternata has gradually decreased, relying on artificial cultivation to meet the needs of Chinese medicinal materials. Pinellia ternata prefers a warm and humid climate, is cold-resistant, shade-tolerant, and not drought-resistant. It can be planted in forests or orchards and can also be intercropped with corn. It is suitable to cultivate in loose, fertile sandy loam soil.
Land preparation and fertilization
1. Selection of planting site: Pinellia ternata prefers a shady and humid environment, so the land for planting should be chosen in a semi-shady and semi-sunny environment with loose and fertile soil.
2. Applying enough base fertilizer: Apply 3,000 kg of decomposed manure, 15 kg of cake fertilizer, and 50 kg of superphosphate per mu as base fertilizer, deep plowing and fine raking, making ridges 120 cm wide and 30 cm high.
Propagation methods
1. Corm propagation: From August to September, when digging Pinellia ternata, take out the small corms with a diameter of 1.5-2 cm, mix them with wet sand and store them in a cool and shady place as propagation materials. The best planting time is winter and spring, as planting in autumn yields less. Before planting, select corms without diseases and pests, intact and unharmed, grade them by size, plant them separately, with a row spacing of 15-18 cm and a plant spacing of 6-8 cm. Dig a hole of about 4-5 cm, plant 2-3 corms per hole, cover with 3-4 cm of soil, and plant at a depth of 10 cm. About 100 kg of corms are needed per mu.
2. Bulbil propagation: Each stem and leaf of Pinellia ternata produces a bulbil, which is abundant in quantity, has a high germination rate, matures early, and is a relatively fast method for developing Pinellia ternata production. In summer and autumn, when the old leaves are about to wither, the bulbils under the leaf stalks of the Pinellia ternata plants have matured and can be harvested for planting. The row spacing is 10-15 cm, the plant spacing is 6-10 cm, dig a hole of about 4-5 cm, plant 2-3 corms per hole, and cover with about 2 cm of soil.
3. Seed propagation: Pinellia ternata that is three years old or older can bloom and fruit continuously from early summer to autumn. The fruits of Pinellia ternata usually mature in mid-to-late June. When the spathe withers and falls, the seeds can be harvested and stored in wet sand. In late March to early April of the following year, choose a warm southern direction, prepare the land, make ridges, open shallow trenches at a row spacing of 10-12 cm, evenly broadcast the seeds, cover with soil, and keep the soil moist to facilitate seed germination. Seedlings will emerge 20-24 days after sowing and can be transplanted when they are 6-10 cm tall.
Field management
1. Watering: Pinellia ternata prefers moisture but fears waterlogging. Therefore, during the whole growth process after planting, it is necessary to keep the soil moist. If it encounters drought, it should be watered in time. After the rain, waterlogging should be drained in time to prevent the corms from rotting.
2. Fertilization: Pinellia ternata likes fertilizer. The first fertilization is in early June when the bulbils appear under the leaf stalks. Apply 500-1,000 kg of decomposed human waste or 10 kg of urea sprinkled between rows per mu, and cover the urea with soil while loosening the soil. When the bulbils mature and fall to the ground, cover the bulbils with soil between rows to allow them to grow into Pinellia ternata. The second fertilization is in July when the second bulbils appear, following the above fertilization and earthing up. Loosen the soil and remove weeds frequently during the growing period, starting shallow and gradually deepening.
3. Loosening soil and weeding: To ensure that Pinellia ternata has appropriate sunlight during the growing period, it is necessary to loosen the soil and remove weeds frequently, doing so early, small, and thoroughly.
4. Picking flowers: If Pinellia ternata is not for seed-saving, picking the flower stalks can increase the weight of the corms and increase yield.
How to plant and grow Pinellia ternata
Harvesting
1. Harvesting time: Seed-propagated Pinellia ternata needs to be planted for 3-4 years before it can be harvested, while corm and bulbil propagation can be harvested after 1-2 years, usually in October to November.
2. Processing: After digging Pinellia ternata, remove the fibrous roots, wash with clean water, and remove the outer coarse skin. The method of peeling is to place the Pinellia ternata in a bamboo basket (not full), immerse it in a river or pond, tie a stick with straw or corn cob and insert it into the bamboo basket, stir and rub up and down, and push it into the deeper water from time to time to remove the peeled skin until the outer skin is completely removed and the white is exposed. When washing, be careful not to let hands and feet come into contact with the water, as the water contains Pinellia ternata components, which can cause allergies, making hands and feet itchy and uncomfortable.
3. Drying: After peeling, dry in the sun or in an oven. First use high heat to make Pinellia ternata emit dew, then wipe dry with coarse cloth, frequently turn over, and then use low heat to dry. Generally, 100 kg of fresh Pinellia ternata can produce 25 kg of dried product.
The above is the complete content on how to plant and grow Pinellia ternata and related maintenance skills. Have green plant enthusiasts understood it?