When is the planting time for Pinellia ternata?
Main introduction: This article provides an overview of the planting time for Pinellia ternata and a detailed introduction to the maintenance tips for this plant in the field of green plants and flowers. Let's explore the details together.
Pinellia ternata is a perennial herbaceous plant belonging to the Araceae family and Pinellia genus. Also known as Tiwen, Shoutian, Yangyanbanxia, Xiezi grass, Mayu fruit, Sanbujump, etc., it has the effects of drying dampness, resolving phlegm, reducing vomiting, and eliminating boils when used raw. It is a commonly used Chinese medicinal material. Pinellia ternata is cultivated in most parts of the country, and in recent years, its cultivation has become an important project for people in mountainous areas to shake off poverty and become rich.
Pinellia ternata prefers a warm and humid, semi-shady and semi-sunny growth environment and grows well in loose and fertile soil. During its annual growth cycle, there are three sprouting and three lodging periods, after each lodging, the corms go through a period of dormancy, the length of which is related to environmental factors. The first sprouting occurs from late March to early April. The second sprouting is in mid-June. The third sprouting is in mid-to-late September. The initial stage of bulbil germination is in early April, the peak period is in mid-April, and the maturity period is from late April to early May.
I. Site selection and soil preparation: Pinellia ternata is not strict about soil requirements, except for saline-alkali soil, any soil can be used, preferably sandy soil. It is suitable to choose a semi-shady and semi-sunny environment, loose soil, and intercropping under mulberry gardens, orchards, and tall crops. Intercropping with corn, plant a row of corn every 130 cm, with a hole spacing of 66 cm and 2 plants per hole. The surface should be level, and apply 2,500 to 4,000 kg of barnyard manure or soil mixture per mu, and 15 to 20 kg of superphosphate, sprinkled on the ridge.
II. Propagation methods:
1. Corm propagation: From August to September, when digging Pinellia ternata, take small corms 1.5-2 cm in diameter, mix them with wet sand and store them in a cool and shaded place. The planting time is divided into spring and autumn. In spring, March, water the soil thoroughly before planting, soak the corms in a 5% wood ash solution or a 50% carbendazim 1,000-fold solution or a 0.005% potassium permanganate solution or a 300-fold vinegar solution for 2-4 hours, then plant the corms according to size, with a row spacing of 16-20 cm and a plant spacing of 6-10 cm, a hole depth of 5 cm, 2 corms per hole, covered with 3-5 cm of soil, requiring about 750 kg of corms per hectare, with about 300 kg of large corms.
2. Bulbil propagation: In summer and autumn, use bulbils under the petioles for cultivation, with a row spacing of 10-16 cm and a plant spacing of 6-10 cm, dig holes, place 3-5 bulbils per hole, and cover with 1.6 cm of soil.
3. Seed propagation: This method is used when seedlings are insufficient or during breeding. Collect mature seeds 10-15 days after flowering in autumn, store them in wet sand, and sow in spring and autumn. In spring, make furrows on the prepared ridges with a row spacing of 10-13 cm, evenly spread the seeds in the furrows, cover with 10-13 cm of soil, and mulch with稻草 to retain moisture. When the seedlings are 10 cm tall, transplant them. There is also a very rough propagation method, as Pinellia ternata has strong propagation ability, and it grows continuously every year, so there is no need to sow separately, just manage it, and it can be harvested, but the yield is low.
III. Field management:
1. Watering: Pinellia ternata likes moisture, and watering is necessary before sowing. During the growing season, when the weather is hot, it is necessary to water frequently, as the soil should not be short of water. If it encounters drought, it can cause the seedlings to wither and fall. Having water conditions to grow new sprouts affects yield, but there should be no standing water, otherwise the roots will rot.
2. Soil preparation: Bulbil growth requires soil preparation, in June and July, prepare soil under the petioles, apply fertilizer twice, apply 500-1,000 kg of barnyard manure or dilute human waste per mu, and apply soil from between rows to cover the bulbils, preparing more than 1.6 cm of soil, and during the growing period, frequently loosen the soil and remove weeds.
3. Loosening soil and weeding: To ensure that Pinellia ternata has adequate sunlight and sufficient nutrients, it is necessary to frequently loosen the soil and remove weeds during the growing period to avoid weed overgrowth.
4. Flower bud removal: Remove all flower buds during the growing period except for seed production, to promote corm growth and increase yield.
5. Disease and pest control:
Leaf spot disease: Small purple-brown spots appear on the leaves. Control methods: Spray a 1:1:120 Bordeaux mixture or a 60% zineb 500-fold solution before and at the beginning of the disease, once every 7-10 days, for 2-5 times consecutively.
Red day moth: Larvae bite the leaves into irregular shapes from July to August. Control methods: Spray 90% trichlorfon 800-fold solution in the幼龄 stage or manually capture them.
IV. Harvesting: Seed-sown Pinellia ternata takes 3-4 years to harvest, while corm and bulbil propagation takes 1-2 years. Generally, the corms are dug from October to November, using a three-tooth or two-tooth rake to dig up the ridge soil, collect the corms, large ones for medicinal use, small ones for seed use. Medicinal corms are stacked 10-12 cm high indoors to "sweat," then sieved to remove soil and sorted into different sizes, packed in gunny bags or chemical fiber bags, each bag filled with 2/3, tied tightly and placed in a concrete tank, filled with cold water to submerge half of the bags, wear high boots and tread for about 25 minutes, making sure to turn the bags. By this time, the fresh Pinellia ternata has peeled off. Wash off the skin in clean water, remove the Pinellia ternata, make the corms white, dry the epidermal water, fumigate with sulfur until it penetrates, then dry in the sun, constantly turning it over to dry. Under normal conditions, the yield of fresh Pinellia ternata is about 300 kg per mu.
The above sharing about the planting time for Pinellia ternata and a comprehensive introduction to its maintenance tips are hoped to bring some knowledge about green plants to plant enthusiasts.