How to cultivate lilacs
Comprehensive explanation on how to cultivate lilacs and the methods and timing of planting, which will be introduced in full detail next.
Lilacs belong to the Oleaceae family, Syringa genus, are deciduous shrubs or small trees. They are the city flower of Harbin and are famous garden plants. They have large inflorescences, abundant blooming, elegant flower colors, fragrance, strong habits, and are easy to cultivate. Therefore, they are widely cultivated and used in gardens. They are widely cultivated as spring flowering plants in the courtyard of the North China, Northwest, and Northeast regions and are famous ornamental plants.
Lilacs are native to North China, have strong cold resistance, and also have strong drought resistance. They prefer sunny, moist, fertile, and well-drained soil. From April to June every year, when the temperature rapidly rises from 10°C to about 28°C, various lilacs grow rapidly and bloom. It takes 3-5 years for seeds to bloom, and 1-2 years for cuttings or grafted seedlings to bloom. The flowers become more abundant after 5 years. They dislike acidic soil and are averse to waterlogging, humidity, and heat.
I. Propagation methods of lilacs: There are播种 propagation, cutting propagation, layering propagation, and division propagation methods for lilacs.
Seed propagation: Seedlings from seed propagation do not easily retain the original traits, can easily produce new flower colors, and have a longer cultivation period. All types of purple lilacs need 3-4 years for seedlings to bloom, while subgenus Syringa types need 4-5 years. However, cuttings or grafted seedlings can bloom in 1-2 years. Therefore, seed propagation is generally not used.
When the fruit of lilacs is purple red from May to June each year, select plants that are 5 years or older for harvesting. It's important to sow immediately after harvesting. If it's not possible to sow in time, it's best to peel the fruit flesh and store it in moist fine sand, then sow in August to September of the same autumn. The row spacing is about 15 centimeters, the seed spacing is about 5 centimeters, and after sowing, cover with 1 centimeter of soil. Fresh seeds will germinate in 35-45 days, and autumn sown seeds will germinate in about 10 days. When the seedlings grow to 4-5 centimeters, they can be transplanted to a seedbed. When the seedlings are 6-10 centimeters tall with 4-6 pairs of true leaves, they can be planted.
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