How to plant golden camellia
The editor will answer how to plant golden camellia and the knowledge of planting and maintenance of green plants and flowers for everyone, and then let's learn together.
Golden camellia is a kind of Camellia nitidissima plant, which is more precious and rare in the world, possesses higher ornamental value, and is also a current species resource with higher medicinal value. Therefore, when cultivating golden camellia, it is necessary to master its existing technologies to ensure full penetration of key points. Under execution conditions, it can not only achieve effective planting of golden camellia but also provide effective reference for future planting work.
1 Morphological characteristics and growth habits of golden camellia
Golden camellia is a kind of evergreen shrub or small tree, with a height of about 2~5m. Its branches are relatively loose, the bark is light gray, and the leaves are deep green. The skin is thick. The leaf edges gradually curl backward, with fine hard serrations. The plant of golden camellia is vertically distributed, with a height occurring below 700m. The distribution of golden camellia plants is mostly in carbonate-developed areas. The flowers of golden camellia are golden yellow and semi-transparent. The flowers are singly born in the axils. When the flowers are in full bloom, they exist in shapes like cups and pots, which are graceful and elegant. The fruit is mostly a capsule containing 6~8 seeds, with blackish-brown seed coats. Golden camellia starts to sprout in April to May, and blooms in November. Generally, golden camellia has two growth flushes within one year, with the sprouting period in spring lasting for 3 months. Depending on the variety, the flowering period is also different, especially after the fruit matures, the seeds gradually fall off. During actual planting, golden camellia also has higher requirements for humidity and temperature. Generally, golden camellia grows in valleys, under forests, and along ditches, with an average temperature maintained at around 23℃, and the humidity of the air above 75%, which promotes more vigorous growth. Golden camellia prefers to grow in shaded environments, with an average light intensity of 350~650lux under dense forest shade, where it grows more vigorously. Meanwhile, the leaves of golden camellia are larger and bright green, suitable for growing in acidic soil, concentrated in multiple areas, with a pH value between 4.5~5.5 and an organic matter content between 1.5%~3%.
2 Key points of cultivation techniques for golden camellia
Through the analysis of golden camellia, to ensure its effective planting and stable growth, it is necessary to propose multiple key points during cultivation, such as strengthening the selection of planting areas, reasonably managing the cultivation work of golden camellia, and effectively preventing and controlling its existing diseases and pests. Under these execution conditions, it can not only promote the stable growth of golden camellia but also ensure its full application.
2.1 Selection of planting site
In the process of selecting the planting site for golden camellia, multiple conditions need to be met. Analyzing the successful introduction of test areas, golden camellia prefers to grow in moist soil and does not have strong drought resistance. Therefore, when selecting cultivation areas, it is necessary to analyze the surrounding water conditions in detail to ensure higher soil moisture. However, long-term waterlogging is also not conducive to growth; it is best to choose moist, fertile areas with good drainage, mostly in slightly acidic or acidic soils. For topographical selection, it can be cultivated in valley gullies, mountain depressions, and冲击台 areas of rivers. Golden camellia also has strong shade tolerance and cannot grow under strong sunlight. After completing the planting work, it is necessary to provide long-term shading. Shading can be natural or constructed with iron pillars to build shading nets or greenhouses. The construction height of the shading net and greenhouse is 3m, which not only ensures good ventilation and promotes stable growth of seedlings but also provides convenience for later management.
In actual planting work, it is also necessary to control the spacing between plants. It is best to keep it around 2m, suitable for planting 166~222 plants per hectare. In the early stage of planting, it is also necessary to make full preparations, such as carrying out deep tillage, digging a planting pit, with specifications controlled at 0.5m×0.5m×0.5m, and spreading appropriate amounts of grass ash into the planting pit, ensuring that each pit contains 75kg. It is also necessary to plant seedlings, and the planting of golden camellia can be carried out in all seasons, but it is most suitable in the plum rain season of spring. For the selection of cultivation time, it can be on a cloudy, windless day in spring. In the planting work, it is necessary to select seedlings with 5 or more roots that are 2 to 3 years old. After planting, cover the soil and water the top roots in time.
2.2 Management after planting golden camellia
Water and fertilizer management, carrying out irrigation for golden camellia. As golden camellia is a moisture-loving plant, timely irrigation is essential during dry weather to promote overall active growth. In irrigation work, it is best to do it in the early morning and evening on sunny days. If it is dry in autumn, appropriate irrigation methods should be provided. The irrigation method is mainly to keep the soil surface moist and penetrate into the roots or soil layer. In areas with conditions, space automatic spray facilities can also be installed to ensure that the plant's humidity needs are met under most conditions. In fertilization work, it is also necessary to analyze the actual growth conditions and site conditions of golden camellia in detail. As golden camellia is also a strong fertilizer-loving plant, it is necessary to ensure the sufficiency of base fertilizer during cultivation. Among them, the base fertilizer is best as compost, which can promote the change of soil physical form and ensure its function. Meanwhile, after the completion of cultivation work, appropriate fertilizers can also be provided for the actual growth process of golden camellia, with 1~2 annual topdressing operations. During topdressing, the fertilizer is best organic and can be applied dry or in water. Among them, water application involves composting the fertilizer and diluting it with water, while dry application involves crushing the fertilizer and applying 25~50kg per plant.
In the management of golden camellia, pruning is also necessary. As the germination rate of golden camellia is relatively strong and the growth rate of the plant is slower, it cannot be pruned intensively. When the tree crown is evenly developed, no scientific pruning is required, only diseased branches, dense branches, and weak branches need to be cut. For newly transplanted seedlings, to ensure survival, humidity pruning can be carried out to ensure that after pruning, the golden camellia tree crown has abundant branches and leaves, and a more beautiful shape. In the work of tillage and weeding, in order to achieve the goals of loosening the surface soil and reducing moisture, ensuring the circulation of soil air, and effectively decomposing soil nutrients, sufficient nutrients and favorable conditions are provided for the root growth of golden camellia. In weeding work, it can prevent weeds from absorbing moisture and nutrients from the soil, ensuring the overall stable growth of golden camellia. At the same time, the combination of tillage and weeding work can also achieve effective drought resistance and cleaning. Among them, it can be carried out 5~6 times a year based on actual conditions.
2.3 Prevention and control of diseases and pests of golden camellia
2.3.1 Control of insect pests
Tea aphids often gather on the buds and back of the leaves of golden camellia, absorb the sap, cause leaf shrinkage, and reduce growth rate. When a large number of pests occur, to prevent them, 50% phosphorus sulfur乳剂 or 40% carbaryl emulsion can be used for drug spraying control. For red spiders, these pests often occur on the back of leaves, absorb sap, and cause a large number of leaves to fall, leading to continuous decline in tree vigor. If there are yellowish-gray spots on the leaves, triazophos can be used for control. The larvae of orange powdery虱 often gather on the back of leaves, secrete some honeydew, causing the occurrence of sooty mold disease. In more severe cases, the leaves will turn yellow, wither, and fail to promote the normal development of golden camellia. To prevent this, an 80% diafenthiuron emulsion can be sprayed in greenhouses to fumigate adult insects. For black longicorn, it often occurs in branches and trunks, causing hollows in branches and trunks, destroying the tissue, and failing to promote the normal growth of golden camellia. In severe cases, it can cause the tree to die. To control it, during the larval or egg hatching period, drugs can be dripped into the holes with a cotton swab to kill the larvae. During the adult stage, permethrin pesticide can be used to kill it.
2.3.2 Control of diseases
For the occurrence of anthracnose, it mostly harms the leaves of golden camellia and often appears at the leaf tips and edges. After the disease occurs, 80% carbendazim wettable powder and 50% thiophanate-methyl can be used, spraying once a week, continuously for 3 times, to achieve good results. For sooty mold disease, it mostly harms leaves and branches, especially old tea trees, which is the most common disease. After the disease occurs, it will harm the plant, causing weak growth, and eventually death. Therefore, a 1500~2000-fold solution of 50% carbendazim wettable powder can be sprayed. For canker disease, it mostly harms leaves and often appears on new shoots. To prevent it, 50% carbendazim and Bordeaux mixture can be used for control. When golden camellia has pest infestations, it is necessary to carry out comprehensive control, combining chemical and biological methods, to effectively eliminate withered branches and leaves, prevent infection sources, and enhance disease resistance.
The above content on how to plant golden camellia and the knowledge of planting and maintenance of golden camellia is hoped to be helpful for green plant enthusiasts!