Techniques and Methods for Pear Tree Management
Knowledgable lifestyle series, this article discusses the techniques and methods for managing pear trees, including management technologies and medication timing related to green plants. Let's find out more.
In pear tree cultivation, special attention should be given to the management during flowering, fruit expansion, and dormancy periods. The maintenance methods for young, mature, and old pear trees differ. Disease and pest control with medication should be carried out throughout the year, with a focus on the bud and blooming stages. Below are the specifics on pear tree management techniques and medication timing.
I. Management Techniques
1. Water Management
In areas with prolonged drought, especially during the fruit expansion period, timely irrigation is necessary. Irrigation is needed after fertilizing, and drainage should be attended to during the summer and autumn rainy seasons to avoid waterlogging. After all the leaves of the pear trees have fallen, a灌溉 should be provided in the orchard that lacks water before the winter frost sets in, in the evening after the temperature drops, to eliminate overwintering pests.
2. Fertilization Management
During the robust growth period of pear trees, fertilization should be applied before flowering, during fruit expansion, and after harvest. For pear trees with fruit maturing in August to September, a nitrogen-based fertilizer can be applied from late March to early April. After April's germination, 2 or 3 sprays of 0.2% to 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution can be used as foliar fertilizer. A ternary compound fertilizer of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium should be applied from May to June. No fertilization in August, and a compound fertilizer should be applied after harvest. In northern regions, the germination time is later, and the fertilization time can be adjusted according to the plant growth cycle.
3. Flower and Fruit Thinning and Fruit Preservation
During the flowering period, axillary buds, weak buds, and small buds should be thinned. Fifteen days after flowering, fruit thinning should be carried out based on the tree's growth, flowering period, and fruit quantity. Early thinning is required for trees with a large fruit load and weak growth, while vigorous trees should have later thinning. Fruit bagging should be done 25 to 50 days after flowering.
4. Pruning Management
Summer pruning should be done to thin out dense branches, withered branches, and diseased branches. During the winter dormancy period of pear trees, pruning should be carried out to remove dry branches, diseased branches, and excessive fruiting branches, retain leaf buds, thin out excessive flower buds, keep the number of flower buds equal to the leaf buds, cut off僵果, clear the fallen branches and leaves in the orchard, and then incinerate the pruned and cleaned branches.
II. Medication Timing
1. Types of Diseases and Pests
Common diseases in pear trees include pear scab, black spot, rust, anthrax, pear tree rot, and ring rot, while common pests include pear psylla, yellow powder bugs, aphids, pear gall midges, pear sawflies, pear thrips, pear fruit moths, large pear fruit borers, and Kanzia coccinea. Disease and pest control with medication should be carried out throughout the year. Protective fungicides should be sprayed for fungal diseases, and systemic insecticides can be used to control pests like the large pear fruit borer and pear gall midge.
2. Disease Medication Timing
Medication for disease control should be based on the occurrence of the disease. For example, medication is usually applied in spring to prevent rot, in March to prevent black spot fungus, and from April to May during the blooming period to control pear scab. Before fruit bagging, fungicides should be sprayed to prevent diseases.
3. Pest Medication Timing
From late March to early April, before the pear trees sprout, pesticides should be sprayed in the orchard to control pests. A 45% crystal sulfur mixture can be used, and insecticides such as cypermethrin can be added.
Concentrated medication should be based on the peak hatching period of pest nymphs and the peak period of adult pests. For example, during the flowering period of pear trees from March to May, systemic insecticides should be used to control pear gall midges and kill golden龟子. In early March, pesticides should be sprayed to kill pear psylla and large pear fruit borers.
The above is a detailed introduction to the techniques and methods for managing pear trees and the management technologies and medication timing. Have you understood?