Methods and Timing of Fruit Tree Grafting
Article Abstract: This explanation of fruit tree grafting methods and timing in the field of green plants and flowers is very useful knowledge, it is recommended to collect it!
Methods and Timing of Fruit Tree Grafting
For fruit trees, grafting can not only maintain the excellent traits of the original variety but also improve the quality and yield of the fruit, shorten the fruiting period, advance harvest, enhance growth, and increase resistance. Fruit tree grafting methods include branch grafting, approach grafting, bud grafting, inlaying branches, and flat grafting. Tree grafting is generally carried out in spring and autumn, when the grafting will result in faster healing of the plant's joints and a higher chance of survival.
For fruit trees, grafting can not only maintain the excellent traits of the original variety but also improve the quality and yield of the fruit, shorten the fruiting period, advance harvest, enhance growth, and increase resistance.
Types of Fruit Tree Grafting Methods
1. Branch Grafting
Cut grafting and split grafting are the two common types of branch grafting. The former is suitable for thin branches, usually 1-2 cm in diameter, and is done in early spring, while the latter is suitable for thick branches and involves bundling the two branches together and covering them with soil.
2. Approach Grafting
Binding two plants with similar-sized branches together. In fact, both types of branch grafting are not easy to survive. Approach grafting is a grafting option with high survival rates.
Cassia and camellia flowers both use approach grafting, binding the scion's flowering branches to the rootstock of similar diameter, cutting diagonally to a diameter of about 4 cm, binding with tape, and then covering with mud and sealing.
3. Bud Grafting
New buds are tied to branches and completed within two months. Choose an ungerminated branch, cut it, and graft it onto the rootstock, completing the grafting. The rootstock should be about two years old.
One week after bud grafting, you can touch the grafting point with your hand. If the leaves fall off, it indicates successful grafting.
4. Inlaying Branches
Inlaying branches must meet two conditions: first, using robust branches over 23 years old as the rootstock; second, the scion part must be lignified.
5. Flat Grafting
Cacti and other plants usually use flat grafting. The cut surfaces should be smooth, bound with plastic tape, and allowed to gradually fuse together.
Best Time for Tree Grafting
Fruit tree grafting is generally carried out in spring and autumn, when the grafting will result in faster healing of the plant's joints and a higher chance of survival. Moreover, it is also easier to manage in the later stages of cultivation.
In summer, grafting can also be done, but it is not conducive to wound healing in the plant. In winter, most trees are dormant, and grafting at this time is difficult to survive.
How to Increase the Survival Rate of Fruit Tree Grafting
1. Choose the Right Grafting Time
Fruit tree branch grafting should be done before germination, when the rootstock and scion are of good quality, and the temperature and humidity are suitable for the vigorous separation of callus cells, which can speed up the healing of the cut.
2. Scientific Selection of Rootstock and Scion
Choose those with strong affinity, robust growth, free of diseases, fully developed, and plump buds for the rootstock and scion. The stronger the affinity, the higher the survival rate.
Also, avoid choosing the rootstock during its most vigorous growth period to prevent uncoordinated growth between the rootstock and scion, which could reduce the survival rate after grafting. Specific choices can be made based on the type of fruit tree being grafted.
3. Find the Right Grafting Timing
Before grafting,消毒 the garden and anticipate the weather conditions for the next few days, preferably no heavy rain within 3-5 days after grafting.
Grafting should be done quickly. For the collected scion branches, it's best to use them immediately and prevent dehydration or oxidation due to prolonged placement, which could lower the survival rate of the graft.
4. Choose the Grafting Method Based on Fruit Tree Varieties
For trees that are easy to graft, such as peaches, pears, apricots, and citrus, the "T" shape bud grafting method can be used. Apples and persimmons can be grafted using the square bud grafting or bud grafting with wood, where the larger the contact surface between the bud and the rootstock, the higher the survival rate.
For trees with a lower survival rate, such as walnuts, double door grafting or tube grafting methods can be used to effectively increase the survival rate.
5. Check After Grafting
Generally, it can be determined whether the grafting has survived 7-15 days after grafting. If the petiole turns from green to yellow and falls off easily, it indicates successful grafting. If the petiole turns black or dry, it indicates failed grafting, and a second grafting should be done promptly.
The above is the specific content of fruit tree grafting methods and timing. If it can be of help to you, remember to visit the website often!