Introduction to Camellia
As one of the top ten famous flowers in Chinese tradition, Camellia, with its brilliant flowers and tenacious vitality, has become a popular choice for garden landscapes and home care. This article will systematically analyze this plant, which combines ornamental value and cultural connotation, from its growth characteristics to daily maintenance.
Analysis of Camellia Morphological Characteristics
Flower Structure Characteristics
The most recognizable feature of Camellia is its large flowers, which can reach a diameter of 12cm and grow at the end of branches. The petals are perfectly round in arrangement, with standard single-petal varieties having 6-7 petals in 1-2 layers, and double-petal varieties having over 50 petals, forming a full spherical inflorescence. The flower color is mainly the classic Chinese red, with over 30 color series such as pink, white, and bicolor having been cultivated in recent years.
Leaf Shape Identification
The leathery leaves are elliptical or ovate in shape, with a serrated edge structure being a typical feature. The front of the leaf is deep green and glossy, while the back is light green, creating a distinct color contrast, which is especially evident in winter.
Detailed Explanation of Camellia Ecological Habits
Climate Adaptation Range
Native to the Yangtze River Valley, Camellia thrives best at temperatures between 18-25℃. In summer, it requires 60% shade, and in winter, it can tolerate temperatures as low as -8℃. The air humidity should be maintained at 60%-70%, which can be achieved by misting to keep the leaves moist.
Soil Matrix Requirements
Acidic soil (pH 5.5-6.5) is key to cultivation, and it is recommended to use a mixed matrix of decomposed leaf soil: peat soil: perlite in a ratio of 5:3:2. Sulphate of iron should be applied every spring to maintain soil acidity.
Camellia Variety Atlas
Traditional Classic Varieties
Shiba Gakusha: Petals arranged in 18 layers, flower diameter 10cm; Chidan: Single red flower, blooming period up to 120 days; Huangguan: Double white flowers with red streaks, blooming period from January to March.
Modern Improved Varieties
Xiangfei: Pink flowers with茉莉 (Jasmine) scent; Qiqiao: Petals with seven-color gradient; XueTa: Pure white double-petal cold-resistant variety.
Complete Guide to Camellia Maintenance
Scientific Fertilization Plan
In March, apply nitrogen fertilizer (urea 1:1000) during the germination period, switch to phosphorus-potassium fertilizer (monoammonium phosphate 1:800) in June during the flower bud differentiation period, and increase organic fertilizer in September. Follow the principle of applying thin fertilizer frequently, with liquid fertilizer applied twice a month.
Accurate Watering Techniques
Water thoroughly once every 3 days in spring and autumn, and spray the leaves twice a day in summer, morning and evening. Use rainwater or tap water that has been standing for 3 days, and adjust the pH of the water with vinegar (1:100) once a month.
From garden landscaping to table-top potted plants, Camellia, with its evergreen nature and brilliant flowers, has become the perfect carrier connecting nature and life. Mastering its growth patterns and maintenance points will allow this oriental flower queen to burst into the most moving brilliance.