The Cultivation Method and Precautions of Chrysanthemum
As a famous traditional Chinese flower, the cultivation of chrysanthemum requires mastering scientific methods to produce brilliant blooms. This article systematically explains the entire process of chrysanthemum cultivation from soil selection to disease prevention, with illustrations to assist in understanding the key operational steps.
Four Core Techniques for Chrysanthemum Cultivation
1. Potting Soil Configuration and Potting Management
Initially, use a small pot with a diameter of 15cm and adopt sandy soil with a high content of humus (decomposed leaf soil: river sand: cake fertilizer = 6:3:1). When the plant height exceeds 20cm, switch to a large pot with a diameter of 25cm, and lay 3cm of ceramsite at the bottom of the pot before potting to enhance drainage.
2. Scientific Watering Plan
In spring, keep the soil slightly moist, watering thoroughly every 3-5 days; in summer, implement double watering in the morning and evening (05:00-07:00/18:00-20:00), combined with foliar spraying to maintain 70% air humidity; in autumn and winter, switch to a single喷灌 at noon, reducing the water volume to 1/3 of summer.
3. Precise Fertilization Cycle
In the growing period (March to June), apply a diluted 1000-fold urea solution every 10 days; during the bud formation period (September to October), switch to phosphorus and potassium fertilizer (monopotassium phosphate 1:800), and stop fertilizing after the buds appear. For the base fertilizer, it is recommended to use decomposed sheep manure (5% of the potting soil volume) mixed with bone meal.
4. Weed Control System
Perform deep weeding twice a month, focusing on removing weeds with well-developed root systems such as purslane and barnyard grass. It is recommended to cover the surface with pine bark (2cm thick) or lay anti-weed cloth, which can reduce weed growth by 80%.
Key Points for Chrysanthemum Maintenance
Comprehensive Disease Control
For the initial stage of leaf blight, spray with a 50% carbendazim 800-fold solution, and in severe cases, cut off the diseased leaves and spray with Bordeaux mixture (lime: copper sulfate: water = 1:1:200); for plants with wilt disease, the entire plant needs to be removed and the surrounding soil should be disinfected at high temperatures.
Environmental Control Strategy
Maintain 6-8 hours of daily sunlight, with 30% shading at noon in summer; keep the temperature between 15-25°C, and move the plants indoors if the temperature drops below 5°C in winter. Regularly rotate the pot to ensure even light exposure for the plant.
Through the above systematic management, combined with pest and disease prevention measures, it is possible to achieve multiple blooming cycles of chrysanthemum throughout the year. It is recommended to keep a maintenance log every month, recording growth parameters, and gradually optimizing the cultivation plan.