Technique of soilless cultivation of chrysanthemum
Introduction to the article: This is an introduction to the chrysanthemum plant, focusing on the technique of soilless cultivation of chrysanthemum. Keep reading to learn more!
Chrysanthemum is a cold-tolerant flower that prefers cool climates and ample sunlight. It grows best at temperatures between 18-21°C, and except for summer chrysanthemums, most bloom in the golden autumn.
In the past, chrysanthemums were cultivated in soil. Here, we introduce a new method of soilless cultivation.
Use cutting propagation to raise seedlings. In mid-June, select a variety with a moderate plant shape and suitable for commercial chrysanthemum production. Use the mother plants that have overwintered or been planted in spring. Cut the top part of the plant that is full and free of diseases and pests as cuttings. Each cutting should be 5-7 cm long, with the base leaves removed and 2-3 small leaves retained. The cut should be in the shape of a horseshoe. Use vermiculite as the growing medium in the seedbed and first disinfect it with a 50% solution of carbendazim wettable powder diluted 500 times. The depth of insertion should be about 2 cm, with a spacing of 3 cm between plants. After inserting, spray thoroughly with clean water and place the pot (or box) in a semi-underground seedbed, covered with plastic film and reed mats. Spray water once every 3-5 days after insertion, and after about 20 days, they can be transplanted.
The inorganic nutrients needed for the preparation of nutrient solution are: potassium nitrate 69%, superphosphate 18%, magnesium sulfate 9.7%, urea 1.4%, ferrous sulfate 0.69%, manganese sulfate 0.27%, phosphoric acid 0.27%, anhydrous calcium chloride 0.067%, and zinc acetate 0.067%.
The total weight of inorganic elements to water ratio is 1:500 in the early stage (mid-July to early August), 1:300 in the middle stage (mid-August to mid-September), and 1:400 in the late stage (late September to mid-October), with a pH of 5 to 5.5. In early July, transplant the chrysanthemum seedlings with intact roots into new flower pots with an inner diameter of 20 cm and a depth of 14 cm. Use vermiculite as the growing medium and cover the drainage holes at the bottom of the pot with tiles.
After planting, water thoroughly with a spray pot, cover the top with plastic film to prevent rain, and shade with reed mats. Remove the plastic film and mats 7-10 days after planting (if there is heavy rain in mid-to-late August, cover with plastic film again), and start applying nutrient solution every 5 days. After each application, spray some clean water to prevent nutrient solution from staying on the leaves and causing damage.
Apply nutrient solution once every 3 days after the beginning of autumn, and then change to once every 5 days after the buds appear. If it rains, apply the nutrient solution promptly. Since the growing medium is soft, the chrysanthemum seedlings are prone to toppling over. Therefore, spray 800-1000 times the concentration of B9 solution on the leaf surface 2-3 times in the early stage and when the seedlings are 10-15 cm tall to prevent excessive growth.
Soilless cultivation of chrysanthemum, from cutting to the initial blooming of flowers, requires only 110-130 days. The seedlings grow strongly and have high ornamental value. Compared with soil cultivation, it requires less labor and is cleaner and more hygienic.
The above information () introduces the specific content of the soilless cultivation technique of chrysanthemum for your reference and operation.