As a famous historical and cultural city in China, Luoyang has attracted countless people to explore with its profound cultural heritage and unique natural scenery. In this city, the peony, as the city flower of Luoyang, has become a calling card for the city. This article will start from the city flower of Luoyang—the peony—to take you on an in-depth exploration of the cultural connotation, planting, and appreciation of the peony.

I. Introduction to the Luoyang City Flower, the Peony
In this section, we will introduce the origin, morphological characteristics, and symbolic meaning of the Luoyang city flower, the peony.
II. The Cultural Connotation of the Peony
As an important element in traditional Chinese culture, the peony has a unique cultural connotation. This section will introduce the cultural connotation of the peony from the aspects of poetry, songs, and religious beliefs, as well as traditional festivals.

III. The Planting History of the Peony
As the city flower of Luoyang, the peony has a long history of cultivation. This section will introduce you to the planting history, distribution, and classification of peony varieties.
IV. The Ecological Environment of the Peony
Every species needs a suitable ecological environment to survive and reproduce. In this section, we will introduce the ecological environment of the peony and its requirements for such an environment.
V. The Cultivation Techniques of the Peony
To grow and have the peony bloom abundantly at home, one must understand its cultivation techniques. In this section, we will introduce the cultivation techniques of the peony to you.

VI. The Ornamental Characteristics of the Peony
The peony holds a special position in floriculture. Its stunning appearance and graceful flower form are irresistible. In this section, we will introduce the ornamental characteristics of the peony to you.
VII. The Peony in Famous Gardens
Luoyang is a famous flower city in China, home to many renowned gardens. The peony also holds a very important position in these famous gardens. This section will introduce several well-known peony gardens to you.
VIII. The Representation of the Peony in Literary Works
Since ancient times, the peony has been one of the favorite subjects for scholars and poets, and thus it has rich and varied representations in literary works. This section will introduce several classic poems and songs.
IX. The Image of the Peony in Art
The peony is not only a subject of literary and artistic works but also a medium for artistic creations. In this section, we will introduce the image of the peony in art forms such as painting and sculpture.
X. The Peony Culture Festival
The annual peony fair is one of the grandest festivals in Luoyang. In this section, we will introduce the history and current situation of the Luoyang Peony Culture Festival.
XI. Peony Street
Peony Street, located in the urban area of Luoyang, is a street primarily focused on the planting, processing, and sale of flowers. This section will introduce Peony Street and related information.
XII. The Peony Industry Chain
With the development of society and the economy, the peony industry continues to grow. In this section, we will introduce you to the current situation and future development direction of the peony industry in Luoyang.
XIII. The Medical Value of the Peony
In addition to its ornamental value, the peony also has certain medical value. This section will introduce the medical value and application of the peony.
XIV. The Cultural Inheritance of the Peony
Protecting and inheriting peony culture is the responsibility of every peony enthusiast. In this section, we will introduce you to how to protect and inherit peony culture.
XV. The Beautiful Legends of the Luoyang City Flower, the Peony
Behind every beautiful thing lies a beautiful legend. In this section, we will tell you the beautiful legends of the Luoyang city flower, the peony.
As the city flower of Luoyang, the peony's cultural connotation, as well as its planting and appreciation, have a profound historical background and deep cultural significance. Today, we should place greater importance on protecting and inheriting peony culture, allowing this beautiful symbol to shine even more brilliantly in the new era.