Pests and Diseases of Echeveria and Their Control
Echeveria, a classic ornamental plant in the Cactaceae family, is known for its unique red spherical shape, which often loses its vibrant color due to pests and diseases. This article systematically analyzes the common characteristics of pests and diseases in Echeveria and provides scientific control methods to help restore its stunning beauty.
Disease Diagnosis and Control of Echeveria
Stem Rot: The Hidden Killer of Healthy Spheres
Stem rot is characterized by complex infections, where initially, brownish water-soaked spots appear at the base of the sphere, which may spread to the entire plant within 48 hours. It is recommended to spray a preventive solution of Benomyl 800x per month. Infected parts should be immediately removed when the disease occurs, and the incision should be treated with sulfur powder to promote healing.
Grey Mold: A Deadly Threat in Humid Environments
This disease often occurs during the plum rain season, with characteristic grayish-white mold layers on the lesions. Daily maintenance should maintain a day-night temperature difference of more than 8°C. Infected plants should be isolated and sprayed with Pyrimethanil 1500x solution once a week for three weeks.
Pest Control System for Echeveria
Red Spider Mites: A Red Alert in High-Temperature Seasons
This pest can reproduce every 10 days in an environment above 30°C, resulting in dense yellowish-white spots on the surface of the affected plant. It is recommended to check the leaf axils with a magnifying glass weekly, and immediately use Matrine 2000x solution to eliminate the pests upon detection.
Three-Dimensional Comprehensive Control Plan
1. Biological Control: Introduce predatory mites while maintaining an environment humidity >60%
2. Physical Control: Set up yellow sticky traps to catch adult pests
3. Chemical Control: Alternate the use of螺螨酯 (Spiromesifen) and 乙螨唑 (Abamectin) to avoid resistance.
Golden Rules for Maintenance and Prevention
Maintaining a day-night ventilation temperature difference >5°C, using a breathable substrate with 40% perlite, and applying calcium and magnesium fertilizers monthly to strengthen cell wall strength can reduce the incidence of pests and diseases by more than 60%. Regularly wiping gardening tools with 75% alcohol can prevent cross-contamination.
By establishing a three-level protection system of prevention, monitoring, and management, combined with precise temperature and humidity control, the ornamental period of Echeveria can be effectively extended. It is recommended to conduct systematic inspections quarterly, detect and address issues early, to ensure Echeveria continues to display its unique charm.