How to plant scallion seeds, methods for planting scallion seeds, cultivating scallion seeds.

How to Plant Scallion Seeds

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How to Plant Scallion Seeds

Scallion planting is mainly done in autumn, usually in early October. Choose a flat area with good drainage, loose soil, and sufficient fertility for planting. After soaking the seeds to germinate, watering should not be interrupted, and pest control should be done well to ensure yield in the later stages of harvesting.

Overview of Scallions

Scallions are a type of vegetable crop in the onion family, an indispensable vegetable variety in people's lives. In the past, scallions were only planted after the autumn equinox and transplanted before the beginning of summer. The technology was relatively simple, and the planting time was limited by the technology. However, new agricultural technology research has found that the germination and seedling emergence temperature of scallions is about 18 degrees Celsius, and scallions can start growing at 2-3 degrees Celsius. The most suitable growth temperature is 15-25 degrees Celsius.

Planting Time and Season of Scallion Seeds

Scallions are mainly planted in autumn, usually in early October. Choose a flat area with good drainage, loose soil, and sufficient fertility for planting. Before sowing, deeply till the soil and add some base fertilizer. Then, make ridges in the field, wet the soil with water, and evenly spread healthy and full scallion seeds on both sides of the ridges, covering them with 1.6-2.1 cm of soil. After that, take good care of them and wait for them to germinate. Scallions are suitable for cultivation in loamy soil with a pH of 6.5-7.5. The seedling raising area requires fertile and loose soil with sufficient moisture at the bottom. Prevent the topsoil from becoming compact during the seedling emergence period. Fertilize once when the seedlings start to grow rapidly. Control soil moisture 10-15 days before transplanting to prevent excessive growth and lodging. Scallions have strong resistance to adversity, being both cold and heat resistant. Although temperature generally has little effect on the growth of scallions, suitable temperature conditions are conducive to high-quality and high-yield production.

Planting Methods and Steps of Scallion Seeds

When the temperature is low in early spring, the seed coat of scallion seeds is hard and not easy to absorb water, resulting in slow germination and seedling emergence. To improve the germination rate, germination speed, and seedling emergence rate, soaking and germinating the seeds is recommended. At the same time, seed disinfection can be performed. Specific method: Soak the seeds in clean water and stir for 10 minutes, then remove the empty seeds and impurities. Place the seeds in warm water at about 60 degrees Celsius for 20-30 minutes, stirring constantly to ensure even heating, and let the water temperature naturally decrease. The disinfection method is to soak the seeds in a 0.2% potassium permanganate solution for 20-30 minutes, then rinse with clean water. The oxidizing ability of potassium permanganate can kill the pathogens on the seed surface. When preparing to raise scallion seedlings, we need to select a piece of soil to use as the seedling raising area. In choosing the seedling raising area, we should select a relatively flat area with water sources nearby. We need to pay attention to whether this area has been used for scallion seedling raising before. If so, we should not continue the seedling raising in this area. After selecting the location, we need to perform land preparation. During land preparation, we need to deeply till the soil once and add about 30 to 40 pounds of compound fertilizer to increase nutrients, which can improve the growth rate of scallion seedlings. After completing the preparatory work, we can start preparing to sow the scallion seeds into the planting area, and the time of sowing is extremely important for scallion seedling raising.

Management After Sowing Scallion Seeds

Watering management after planting: The watering work starts from the time the seeds are sown into the ground and needs to be continuously performed. We should not allow the soil to lack water during normal times, as this can cause the soil in the planting area to become compact due to water scarcity. The small scallion seedlings that have just emerged may not have enough strength to break through the soil, which will affect the germination rate of scallion seedlings. After transplanting, if the weather is not very dry, it is generally not necessary to water again. We should strengthen cultivation, weeding, loosening the topsoil, and retaining moisture to promote root growth. Pay attention to drainage during heavy rain to prevent waterlogging in the onion trenches, causing high temperature and high humidity, poor soil aeration, and leading to root rot, yellow leaves, and dead seedlings. Therefore, drainage preparation should be done before the rain. After the beginning of autumn, as the temperature drops, we can start watering. The watering should be light, done in the early morning and late evening. As the plants grow vigorously, the watering frequency should gradually increase. It is necessary to keep the ground moist, generally maintaining a soil moisture of 70-80%. Fertilization management after planting: Scallions are a crop that loves fertilizer, and like other vegetable crops, they are more sensitive to nitrogen elements. Applying nitrogen fertilizer during planting can accelerate their growth and has a significant yield-increasing effect. In addition to nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, calcium, magnesium, boron, and manganese also have a certain impact on the growth of scallions. Under sufficient nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, the application of calcium, manganese, and boron can significantly increase yields. Disease and pest control of scallions: The main diseases and pests of scallions include scallion brown spot disease, scallion soft rot disease, scallion yellow dwarf disease, and scallion (T-J) disease. Agricultural control: ①Choose heat-resistant varieties such as tall white, three-leafed, chicken leg scallions, and Zhangqiu scallions. ②Strengthen management, timely drainage after rain to prevent excessive moisture in the onion field, improve root activity, and enhance disease resistance. At the early stage of disease, spray with 50% thiram wettable powder or iprodione wettable powder at a dilution of 1000 times, or use 50% carbendazim wettable powder at a dilution of 800 times or 70% methyl thiophanate wettable powder at a dilution of 1000 times, plus 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder at a dilution of 800 times, every 7-10 days, for 2-3 consecutive sprays. Harvesting scallions: The specific harvesting time of scallions should be determined based on the market demand and maturity. When the scallion white reaches about 35 cm long and 85% of the scallion white diameter reaches 1.5-2.2 cm, it can be harvested. When harvesting scallions, use a four-toothed hoe or a spade to dig one side of the scallion ridge to expose the scallion white, then gently pull it out with your hand. Scratch the leaves under the scallion root to the soil layer, support the four-toothed hoe with your right hand, hold the bottom of the scallion white with your left hand, and gently lift it up to pull out the scallion.

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Knowledge Expansion

Planting Methods and Time for Scallion Seeds

Scallion seeds can be sown in April-May in spring, June-July in summer, and October in autumn. Choose a plot of land near water sources, deeply till 30 cm in advance, and thoroughly water the soil before planting to improve its survival rate. After sowing scallion seeds, water them once to keep the soil moist and allow the seeds to absorb sufficient moisture to promote rapid germination and root growth.

Suitable Planting Time for Scallion Seeds

To plant scallion seeds, you can choose to do so in April-May in spring, June-July in summer, and October in autumn. This period is when scallions grow most vigorously, and planting during this time is conducive to better seed growth.

Planting Methods and Key Points of Scallion Seeds

1. Land preparation: Before planting scallions, choose a plot of land near water sources for convenient watering. Deeply till the land to a depth of about 30 cm, remove weeds and pests, and then make furrows with a width of 1-1.5 meters for easier management.

2. Planting methods: The main sowing methods for scallions are broadcast sowing or row planting. For row planting, the distance between each plant should be 5-8 cm. Before planting, thoroughly water the soil to maintain its slightly moist state, which can improve the survival rate.

3. Maintenance management: After sowing scallion seeds, water them once to keep the soil moist and allow the seeds to absorb sufficient moisture to promote rapid germination and root growth. After scallions enter the growth period, water them every 3-5 days to meet their growth needs.

Key Points of Daily Management for Scallion Seeds

1. Fertilization: Scallion seedlings consume a lot of nutrients during growth. Not only should base fertilizer be applied, but also timely topdressing should be performed. During the growth of scallions, apply organic fertilizer every 15-25 days to provide sufficient nutrients for scallions to absorb.

2. Watering: Scallions prefer a moist growing environment, so watering should be done frequently after planting. However, they are not tolerant of waterlogging. Pay attention to the high temperature and heavy rainfall in summer. Timely drainage should be performed to prevent waterlogging in the soil. Weeds should be removed promptly when found.

Which Months are Suitable for Planting Scallions?

Scallions are mainly propagated by sowing, and can be planted throughout the year. For example, summer planting is done in June-July, autumn planting in October, and winter planting in December. In addition, scallions grown in greenhouses are generally sown in September-October and covered with a multi-layered small arch shed for seedling raising.

When to Plant Scallions

Scallions are mainly propagated by sowing and can be planted throughout the year. For example, summer planting is done in June-July, autumn planting in October, and winter planting in December.

Planting Time in the South and North: There is not much difference in planting time for scallions between the south and north, and they can be planted throughout the year.

Greenhouse Planting Time: Greenhouse scallions are generally sown in September-October and covered with a multi-layered small arch shed for seedling raising. They are harvested in May-June of the following year.

Scallion Production Areas and Planting Months

Scallions are widely distributed in China, with common production areas in Shandong, Liaoning, Hebei, Shanxi, Henan, and other provinces.

Shandong Scallions

Shandong is famous for producing Zhangqiu scallions, which are usually sown in June-July and have a growth cycle of about 130 days. These scallions have a slightly milder taste, are crisp and tender, and have a pleasant aroma.

Hebei Scallions

Hebei is famous for producing Longyao scallions, which can be planted throughout the year and have a full growth period of about 120-150 days. These scallions are rich in nutrients, have a fragrant aroma, and have a special spicy taste.

Scallion Varieties and Planting Months

There are many varieties of scallions, with common ones including chicken leg scallions, opposite-leaf scallions, Japanese scallions, Longyao scallions, and Golden Long No. 3, etc.

Chicken Leg Scallions

Chicken leg scallions are originally from Shandong and have a growth cycle of about 120-150 days. The plant height is about 100 cm, the leaves are thick and fleshy, the stems are slightly curved and resemble chicken legs, and they have a strong spicy taste.

Longyao Scallions

Longyao scallions are originally from Hebei and have a plant height of about 90 cm. The base of the plant is swollen, the upper part is light green, and they have the characteristics of drought resistance and heat resistance.

What is the Growth Temperature Range for Scallions?

The suitable growth temperature range for scallions is 13-25 degrees Celsius. When the temperature is above 25 degrees Celsius, the growth is slow, the scallion white is not solid, the scallion leaves are thin, the quality is poor, and the yield is low. Before planting scallions, choose a suitable variety for planting, deeply till the land to a depth of 30 cm, level the land, and make ridges according to the width of 1 to 1.5 meters for planting.

Growth Characteristics of Scallions

Scallions have strong cold resistance, prefer cold climates and are not tolerant of heat. They are not tolerant of shade and belong to a crop with moderate light intensity. They are drought-resistant, water-resistant, and adaptable. Scallions are widely distributed in China, with the main production areas located in the north of the Huaihe River and Qinling Mountains. The scallion planting area in the North China Plain includes Shandong, Hebei, Henan, Beijing, and Tianjin, which are the birthplace and main production areas of scallions in China.

Growth Temperature of Scallions

The suitable growth temperature range for scallions is 13-25 degrees Celsius. When the temperature is above 25 degrees Celsius, the growth is slow, the scallion white is not solid, the scallion leaves are thin, the quality is poor, and the yield is low.

What is the Minimum Cold Tolerance of Scallions?

The suitable temperature range for seed germination of scallions is 15-20 degrees Celsius. The above-ground part has strong cold resistance and can withstand low temperatures of -10 degrees Celsius.

Growth Process of Scallions

Scallions have a wide temperature adaptability, can overwinter, do not go dormant in summer, and have different growth stages including germination, seedling stage, scallion white formation, and dormancy.

Planting Methods of Scallions

Before planting scallions, choose a suitable variety for planting, deeply till the land to a depth of 30 cm, level the land, and make ridges according to the width of 1 to 1.5 meters for planting. Before planting, thoroughly water the soil to increase the survival rate by at least 15%.

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