What Fertilizer to Use for High Eggplant Yield
This article introduces the experience of using fertilizers for high eggplant yield and the correct method of eggplant fertilization in green plant maintenance. Here is a comprehensive introduction.
Eggplants, with green leaves and purple stems, are suitable for frying, stir-frying, boiling, and cooking, making them excellent dishes. Originating from India, they entered our country between the 4th and 5th centuries.
With its超强 adaptability, rich nutritional value, and soft, tasty texture, eggplants are deeply loved by consumers and have gradually become a必备 vegetable in people's lives.
With the increasing demand for consumption, more and more grassroots producers are willing to plant eggplants, and China's eggplant planting industry has achieved leapfrog development, with planting area and yield ranking first in the world.
In order to improve the yield and quality of eggplants and increase economic benefits, the following sections will introduce practical and efficient fertilization techniques based on the fertilization characteristics of eggplants, the method of mixing bacterial fertilizer with seeds, and fertilization measures. Mastering these eggplant fertilization strategies will ensure that eggplants are full of branches and there's too much to eat.
Fertilization Characteristics
Eggplants are annual herbaceous plants with well-developed root systems, long development cycles, high water and fertilizer requirements, and are suitable for planting in fields with fertile soil, deep soil layers, and good drainage and irrigation conditions.
According to different traits, eggplants have the following characteristics of fertilizer demand during the germination stage, seedling stage, and fruiting stage:
Nitrogen Element. Nitrogenous fertilizers can promote the development of the roots, stems, and leaves of eggplants, making the plants stronger, increasing the rate of flowering and fruiting, and increasing yield.
The application of nitrogenous fertilizers should run throughout the entire growth cycle after planting, especially paying attention to the application of nitrogenous fertilizers during the peak flowering and fruiting period. Insufficient nitrogen will cause the plants to be weak, dwarfed, and萎靡, presenting a malnourished state.
Phosphorus Element. Phosphate fertilizers are beneficial for the rooting of eggplants during the seedling stage, improving the survival rate of seedlings, and promoting the development of flower buds. Insufficient phosphate fertilizer will cause flower buds to fail to develop or develop abnormally, and even fail to bloom.
It should be noted that phosphate fertilizers should not be used in the later stage of eggplant fertilization management, as phosphate fertilizers will accelerate seed development and aging. Since eggplants are mainly eaten when they are tender, the hardening of the seed coat will reduce the commercial properties.
Other Elements. The application of potassium elements should be continuous, with the amount of application being equivalent to that of nitrogenous fertilizers. Insufficient application will also delay germination and development. The application of calcium and magnesium elements should be appropriate. A lack of calcium will cause rust-like disease in the fruits and leaves of eggplants, and a lack of magnesium will cause the leaves to turn yellow, both of which will reduce the photosynthesis of eggplants and decrease their ability to convert nutrients.
Bacterial Fertilizer Seed Mixing
For high-yield eggplants, seed treatment is crucial. Not only should the variety be selected to suit the local environment, have strong stress resistance, and produce double-quality, but it is also important to understand bacterial fertilizer seed mixing.
Before planting, mixing seeds with microbial bacterial fertilizers can activate the soil, inhibit the growth of miscellaneous bacteria, provide an excellent soil environment and ample nutrients for seed growth, improve the seedling rate, avoid rotting and weak roots, meet the nutrient needs of the seedling stage, and cultivate strong and high-yielding seedlings.
There are two types of bacterial fertilizer seed mixing: one is to mix the bacterial fertilizer and seeds into the soil during seedling raising; the other is to dissolve the bacterial fertilizer in water, immerse the eggplant seeds in the bacterial solution for 30-60 minutes, and then dry them before seedling raising.
During the seed mixing process, it is important to: choose reliable merchants, select agricultural material suppliers with professional qualifications, purchase high-quality seed-mixed fertilizers, and never buy counterfeit and inferior products for the sake of cheapness; mix seeds in a relatively shady and humid environment, as ultraviolet rays in sunlight can kill the microbes in the bacterial fertilizers, so avoid direct sunlight and immediately plant after completion, cover with soil; do not use bacterial fertilizers with chemical fertilizers and pesticides, as it will reduce the activity of the bacterial fertilizers and lower their efficacy.
Fertilization Measures
Eggplant fertilization should adhere to the strategy of using organic fertilizers as the main, chemical fertilizers as the auxiliary, base fertilizers as the main, and topdressing as the auxiliary, and follow the principles of moderate application, timely topdressing, and orderly adjustment. Specifically, eggplants should grasp five fertilizers:
Heavy application of base fertilizers. Eggplants have a strong tolerance for fertilizers and require a large amount of fertilizers during the 2-3 months of growth. To meet the fertilizer needs of eggplants in the later stage, base fertilizers cannot be missing. It is recommended to apply slow-release farmyard manure or commercial organic fertilizers, combined with macroelement fertilizers.
When applying farmyard manure, follow the standard of 6000-7000 pounds per mu; when applying commercial organic fertilizers, follow the standard of 800-900 pounds per mu, and combine with the application of 10-12 pounds of nitrogen fertilizer, 20-26 pounds of diammonium phosphate, and 12-16 pounds of potassium sulfate.
It should be noted that the specific application amount can be adjusted according to the soil fertility, and the suggested application amount is only the normal application standard. If the crop rotation interval is too short, the soil should be disinfected.
Topdressing should be applied cleverly. Topdressing should be selected during the expansion period of the first-tier branches (fruit-promoting fertilizer), the expansion period of the second-tier branches (fruiting fertilizer), and the expansion period of the third-tier branches. The first, second, and third layers refer to the fruits of the first, second, and third-tier branches, respectively. The fourth and fifth layers are called "eight directions" and "stars in the sky," and usually only these five layers of eggplants are managed. These three topdressing periods mainly involve urea and potassium sulfate, respectively:
Expansion fertilizer for the first-tier branches, this is a key fertilizer, and should be applied at 14-20 pounds of urea and 8-12 pounds of potassium sulfate per mu; expansion fertilizer for the second-tier branches, this stage is the period with the highest fertilizer demand, and should be applied at 16-20 pounds of urea and 12-14 pounds of potassium sulfate per mu; expansion fertilizer for the third-tier branches, should be applied at 12-18 pounds of urea and 8-10 pounds of potassium sulfate per mu. After applying the expansion fertilizer for the third-tier branches, the frequency of fertilization should be reduced appropriately to promote flowering and fruiting and avoid issues of blossom and fruit drop.
Light application of foliar fertilizers. When eggplants enter the expansion period of the first-tier branches, foliar topdressing should be carried out moderately according to the growth condition. Foliar fertilizers can be sprayed with urea and potassium dihydrogen phosphate, with a cycle of 1-2 weeks. At the same time, trace element water-soluble fertilizers should also be top-dressed appropriately.
In summary, only by mastering scientific and reasonable fertilization methods and improving planting management techniques can eggplant planting achieve high yield and quality, creating higher economic benefits.
The methods introduced above for high eggplant yield and the correct method of eggplant fertilization are for your reference.