Common Diseases and Pests of Calla Lilies and Solutions
As a popular ornamental flower, calla lilies often encounter the threat of diseases and pests during their growth. This article systematically sorts out the identification characteristics and control methods of three major diseases and typical pests, accompanied by high-definition symptom diagrams to help you achieve scientific maintenance.
Complete Guide to Disease Control for Calla Lilies
1. Key Points for Soft Rot Control
This disease is caused by Erwinia. Initially, the base of the stem shows water-soaked brown spots, which can spread to the entire plant within 48 hours. It is recommended to use a 50% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder solution (800 times) for lesion disinfection, focusing on the junction of the roots and stems. In daily management, it is necessary to maintain the breathability of the substrate and elevate the pots during the rainy season to avoid waterlogging.
2. Comprehensive Control of Leaf Spot Disease
A complex disease caused by three pathogenic bacteria, with typical symptoms of concentric ring patterns. It is suggested to alternate the use of a 25% propiconazole emulsion (2000 times) and a 70% mancozeb wettable powder solution (600 times), applying once every 7 days. Pruning tools should be disinfected with alcohol, and old leaves should be removed to reduce the number of pathogens.
3. Systematic Management of Mosaic Disease
This viral disease can be transmitted by aphids. In addition to destroying the infected plants, a 10% imidacloprid wettable powder solution should be used to control the virus carriers. The use of virus-free tissue culture seedlings can reduce the incidence of the disease, and a 3-year crop rotation system should be implemented in the affected areas.
Accurate Pest Management for Calla Lilies
Ecological Control System for Seed Flies
Larvae bore into the roots and stems, causing stem rot, while adults are attracted to decaying matter. It is recommended to use a sugar-acid solution trap (sugar: vinegar: water = 1:2:20) for monitoring, and apply a 5% phoxim granule formulation (3 kg/acre) during the larval stage. Organic fertilizers must be fully decomposed with EM bacteria, and seeds should be soaked in 50°C water for 20 minutes before sowing to kill eggs.
By establishing a plant protection system focused on "prevention first, comprehensive management," combined with regular inspections and growth logs, the resilience of calla lilies can be significantly improved. It is recommended to apply seaweed extracts and other biostimulants every quarter to enhance plant immunity, allowing your calla lilies to continue blooming with elegant flowers.